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Adolescence, 6/e
Laurence Steinberg, Temple University

The Fundamental Changes of Adolescence
Cognitive Transitions

Chapter Overview

Major Section

Study Guide Features

I. Changes in CognitionLearning Objectives: 1
 Important terms: cognition
  
A. Thinking about possibilitiesImportant terms: hypothetical thinking,
 

inductive reasoning, deductive reasoning

Multiple choice questions: 1-3

  
B. Thinking about abstract conceptsImportant terms: abstract concepts
 

Multiple choice questions: 4

Matching questions: 20

  
C. Thinking about thinkingLearning Objectives: 2
 

Important terms: metacognition,

adolescent egocentrism,

imaginary audience, personal fable

Multiple choice questions: 5, 7, 8

Fill in the blank questions: 1

Matching questions: 1, 2, 9

  
D. Thinking in multiple dimensionsLearning Objectives: 3
 

Important terms: multidimensional thinking

Multiple choice questions: 9-10

Fill in the blank questions: 2

  
E. Adolescent relativismImportant terms: relativistic thinking
 Multiple choice questions: 11
  
II. Theoretical Perspectives on  
Adolescent Thinking 
  
A. The Piagetian view of adolescent thinking 
  
1. The growth of formal-operational thinkingLearning Objectives: 4
 

Important terms: Piagetian perspective,

cognitive-developmental view,

sensorimotor stage,

preoperational stage, concrete operations,

formal operations, propositional logic,

emergent formal operations

Multiple choice questions: 12

Fill in the blank questions: 3-6

Matching questions: 3, 4, 8

  
2. The scientific study of adolescence:Important terms:
Separating competence and performancecompetence-performance distinction
in studies of adolescent reasoning 
  
B. The information-processing (I-P) viewLearning Objectives: 5
of adolescent thinkingImportant terms: information-processing
 

perspective

Multiple choice questions: 16

Fill in the blank questions: 7

  
1. Changes in information-processingImportant terms: selective attention, divided
abilities during adolescenceattention, working memory, long-term
 

memory, processing speed, organizational

strategies

Multiple choice questions: 24, 26

Fill in the blank questions: 9-10

Matching questions: 10-11

  
C. New directions for theories aboutImportant terms: Robbie Case,
adolescent thinkingautomatization, heuristic thinking
 Multiple choice questions: 27
  
D. The adolescent brainLearning Objectives: 6
 

functional magnetic resonance imaging,

positron emission tomography,

cortex, limbic system, myelination, pruning,

neurotransmitters, prefrontal cortex

Multiple choice questions: 6, 13, 17, 18, 21

Fill in the blank questions: 11-13

Matching questions: 7

  
III. Individual Differences in IntelligenceLearning Objectives: 7
in Adolescence 
  
A. Measuring intelligenceImportant terms: intelligence test,
 

Alfred Binet

Fill in the blank questions: 14

  
1. The IQ testImportant terms: cohort
 

Multiple choice questions: 28, 32

Fill in the blank questions: 15-16

  
2. Sternberg's Triarchic TheoryImportant terms: triarchic theory of
 

intelligence, Robert Sternberg

Multiple choice questions: 25

Fill in the blank questions: 18

Matching questions: 14

  
3. Gardner's Theory of MultipleImportant terms: Howard Gardner, multiple
Intelligencesintelligences
 

Fill in the blank questions: 17

Matching questions: 12

  
B. Intelligence: Test performance in adolescence 
  
1. The SATImportant terms: SAT
 

Multiple choice questions: 19

Matching questions: 6

  
a. The sexes: Are there differences inMultiple choice questions: 29
mental abilities at adolescence (anymore)? 
  
C. Culture and intelligenceLearning Objectives: 8
 

Important terms: Lev Vygotsky,

zone of proximal development, scaffolding,

culture-fair tests

Multiple choice questions: 30-31

Fill in the blank questions: 19

Matching questions: 5, 17

  
IV. Adolescent Thinking in Context 
  
A. Changes in social cognitionLearning Objectives: 9
 

Important terms: social cognition

Multiple choice questions: 33

  
1. Impression formationImportant terms: impression formation,
 

implicit personality theory

Matching questions: 16, 18

  
2. Social perspective takingImportant terms: social perspective taking,
 

mutual role taking

Multiple choice questions: 20

Fill in the blank questions: 20

  
3. Conceptions of morality and social conventionImportant terms: morality, social
 

conventions

  
B. Adolescent risk takingLearning Objectives: 10
 

Important terms: risk taking behavior,

behavioral decision theory,

sensation seeking

Multiple choice questions: 22, 34

Matching questions: 13, 15

  
C. Adolescent thinking in the classroom

Important terms: critical thinking, emergent

 

formal operations

Multiple choice questions: 23, 35

Matching questions: 19