 |
1 | |
Vietnam has a centuries-old tradition of resisting foreign domination. Who among the following led early efforts to win independence from China? |
| | A) | The Trung Sisters. |
| | B) | Tran Hung Dao. |
| | C) | Trieu Au. |
| | D) | All of the above. |
|
|
2 | |
During World War II, Ho Chi Minh and his Vietminh organization developed the strategy that would eventually force the French out of Vietnam. It included: |
| | A) | Emphasizing the Vietminh's commitment to Communism and social revolution. |
| | B) | Tapping Vietnamese nationalism, promising independence, and pledging democratic reforms. |
| | C) | Fighting other nationalist groups. |
| | D) | Collaborating with the Japanese. |
| | E) | All of the above. |
|
|
3 | |
This organization helped Ho Chi Minh wage guerrilla war against the Japanese during World War II: |
| | A) | The Office of Strategic Services (OSS). |
| | B) | The Central Intelligence Agency (CIA). |
| | C) | The KGB. |
| | D) | The Chinese Nationalist government. |
| | E) | The British Secret Service. |
|
|
4 | |
The French government sought to reassert its authority in Indochina following World War II for which of the following reasons: |
| | A) | Control of Indochina would restore France's faltering prestige. |
| | B) | Indochina possessed valuable oil reserves. |
| | C) | The French government feared that Vietnam would fall into anarchy in the absence of French rule. |
| | D) | Continued French control of Indochina would prevent the USSR from dominating Southeast Asia. |
| | E) | All of the above. |
|
|
5 | |
In the late 1940s, Truman Administration policymakers abandoned America's earlier opposition to continued French control of Indochina because: |
| | A) | They viewed the colonial system as the best way to assist developing regions. |
| | B) | They wanted to maintain good relations with Paris in order to ensure that France would continue to help contain Soviet power in Europe. |
| | C) | Ongoing French control facilitated American economic penetration of Vietnam. |
| | D) | France promised to grant independence to Vietnam by 1950. |
| | E) | All of the above. |
|
|
6 | |
American officials determined that they could not support Ho Chi Minh for the following reason: |
| | A) | His close ties with Chinese Nationalist leader Chiang Kai-shek. |
| | B) | His steadfast refusal to promise tax-free monopolies for U.S. imports. |
| | C) | His deeply held Communist beliefs. |
| | D) | His refusal to accept American military aid in 1947. |
|
|
7 | |
In 1950, this leader agreed to send military advisors to assist the Vietminh guerrillas: |
| | A) | Joseph Stalin. |
| | B) | Jawaharlal Nehru. |
| | C) | Chiang Kai-shek. |
| | D) | Mao Zedong. |
| | E) | Josep Tito. |
|
|
8 | |
In 1950, the Truman Administration shifted from pro-French neutrality to outright support for Paris in its war with the Vietminh because of: |
| | A) | Heightened Cold War fears in the wake of the Soviet Union's detonation of an atomic bomb in 1949. |
| | B) | The Communists' victory in the Chinese civil war. |
| | C) | The strong realization that the loss of further territory to Communism would come at a steep domestic political price. |
| | D) | The belief that the fall of Indochina to Communism would force resource-starved Japan into the Communist Bloc. |
| | E) | All of the above. |
|
|
9 | |
The Domino Theory held that: |
| | A) | The fall of Indochina to Communism would rapidly lead to Communist domination of all of Southeast Asia. |
| | B) | Southeast Asian nations would stand up to Communism like a wall of dominos. |
| | C) | The fall of Indochina to Communism would have little impact on other nations in the region. |
| | D) | All of the above. |
|
|
10 | |
The Bao Dai government that France established in 1950 was notable because: |
| | A) | It was Vietnam's first truly independent, post-colonial government. |
| | B) | American officials unequivocally supported it. |
| | C) | It was a puppet government designed to obscure continued direct French control of Vietnam. |
| | D) | It was a compromise solution that enjoyed the strong support of Ho Chi Minh |
| | E) | All of the above. |
|
|
11 | |
As did their predecessors in the Truman Administration, top officials in the Eisenhower Administration viewed Ho Chi Minh as: |
| | A) | An instrument of the international Communist movement. |
| | B) | A brilliant political philosopher. |
| | C) | A well-meaning but misguided man. |
| | D) | A strong nationalist leader who also happened to be a Communist. |
| | E) | Vietnam's George Washington. |
|
|
12 | |
President Dwight Eisenhower and his advisors argued that France could turn the tables on the Vietminh by doing which of the following: |
| | A) | Using tactical nuclear weapons. |
| | B) | Pursuing a more aggressive strategy and employing Vietnamese troops. |
| | C) | Shifting to guerrilla tactics. |
| | D) | Defending the countryside with Beau Geste forts. |
| | E) | All of the above. |
|
|
13 | |
General Vo Nguyen Giap's Vietminh troops won a decisive victory over French forces in 1954 at: |
| | A) | Saigon. |
| | B) | Ap Bac. |
| | C) | Hanoi. |
| | D) | Dien Bien Phu. |
| | E) | Khe Sanh. |
|
|
14 | |
Congressional leaders conditioned their approval of U.S. intervention to save the French garrison at Dien Bien Phu on: |
| | A) | A willingness to accompany action with meaningful negotiations. |
| | B) | An Administration promise to intervene with large numbers of American ground troops. |
| | C) | Prior commitments from allies such as Great Britain to support intervention. |
| | D) | Nuclear attacks on Communist Chinese troops. |
| | E) | All of the above. |
|
|
15 | |
At an April 7, 1954 news conference, President Eisenhower argued that the U.S. needed to prevent the fall of Vietnam to Communism because: |
| | A) | A Communist victory in Vietnam would result in other nation's falling to Communism like a "row of dominoes." |
| | B) | Victory in Vietnam would permit the Vietminh to launch large-scale conventional attacks against neighboring non-Communist states such as Thailand and Cambodia. |
| | C) | The inclusion of Vietnam's awesome industrial base in the Communist Bloc would tip the global balance of power in Moscow's favor. |
| | D) | European security depended on continued access to Vietnam's markets. |
|
|
16 | |
The Eisenhower Administration opposed the Geneva Conference because it feared that the meeting would: |
| | A) | Spur the growth of Vietnamese nationalism. |
| | B) | Give the French the opportunity to secure a respectable surrender. |
| | C) | Result in diplomatic recognition of Communist China. |
| | D) | Undermine its alliance with Western European nations such as Great Britain and France. |
| | E) | Solidify Bao Dai's position. |
|
|
17 | |
The Geneva Accords of 1954 included all of the following EXCEPT: |
| | A) | A temporary partition of Vietnam at the seventeenth parallel for the regrouping of military forces. |
| | B) | Reunification elections scheduled for the summer of 1956. |
| | C) | Stipulations that neither North Vietnam nor South Vietnam would join a military alliance. |
| | D) | Assurances from Ho Chi Minh that he would abandon Communism in exchange for American recognition. |
| | E) | The establishment of a Communist state in North Vietnam. |
|
|
18 | |
In light of the decisive Vietminh victory at Dien Bien Phu the day before it started, the Geneva Conference was: |
| | A) | A serious diplomatic defeat for the United States. |
| | B) | A great victory for France in its quest to restore its colonial empire. |
| | C) | A qualified success for the U.S. |
| | D) | A decisive triumph for the Vietminh. |
|
|
19 | |
Following the Geneva Conference, President Eisenhower and Secretary of State John Foster Dulles concluded that America would succeed in containing Communism in Indochina where France had failed because: |
| | A) | American troops were better equipped than their French counterparts. |
| | B) | The U.S. was trying to foster nationalism in Vietnam whereas the French had sought to perpetuate colonialism. |
| | C) | American nuclear superiority would permit Washington to dictate terms to Ho Chi Minh. |
| | D) | American economic aid could buy off the Vietnamese Communists. |
|
2002 McGraw-Hill Higher Education