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1 | |
All of the following factors facilitated the growth of women's paid employment in the era 1860-1920 EXCEPT: |
| | A) | the growth of cities. |
| | B) | rapid industrialization. |
| | C) | improved technology. |
| | D) | an increase of schools, stores, and offices. |
| | E) | rising birth rates. |
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2 | |
The only woman appointee to a major federal position during the Civil War was: |
| | A) | Clara Barton. |
| | B) | Mary Livermore. |
| | C) | Dorothea Dix. |
| | D) | Annie Wittenmyer. |
| | E) | Frances Ellen Harper. |
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3 | |
Confederate women, compared to Union women, experienced all the following effects of the Civil War EXCEPT: |
| | A) | a higher proportion of postwar widows. |
| | B) | a higher impact of wartime inflation and shortages. |
| | C) | a higher proportion of women in paid employment. |
| | D) | more disruptions from battle. |
| | E) | a greater impact of loss of manpower during the war years. |
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4 | |
Which of the following statements accurately describes aspects of African-American women's experiences after the Civil War? |
| | A) | In the late nineteenth century, a smaller proportion of married African-American women earned wages than did white married women. |
| | B) | After emancipation, former slaves strove to establish legal marriages and stable family lives. |
| | C) | By the end of Reconstruction, four out of five African-American women were in the paid labor force. |
| | D) | In the immediate postwar years, Freedmen's Bureau literature urged African-American women to assume roles in the paid labor force. |
| | E) | By the end of Reconstruction, most African-American women in the paid labor force had found jobs in the manufacturing sector. |
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5 | |
All of the following statements accurately describe the postwar population movement of African Americans EXCEPT: |
| | A) | In the World War I era, African-American migration to northern cities surged. |
| | B) | Except during the World War I era, women outnumbered men among African-American migrants to northern cities. |
| | C) | Most African-American women migrants to northern cities took factory jobs. |
| | D) | Most African-American women migrants to southern cities were employed in domestic jobs. |
| | E) | More African-American migrants in the late nineteenth century moved to southern cities than to northern cities. |
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6 | |
All of the following statements accurately describe the experiences of women in the post-Civil War West EXCEPT: |
| | A) | Federal legislation made land grants available only to male heads of families. |
| | B) | Farm wives in the late nineteenth-century West typically combined farm work and housework. |
| | C) | Technological improvement changed farming before it affected the farm home. |
| | D) | Many western farm wives participated in the market economy by raising agricultural products for sale. |
| | E) | Many late nineteenth-century women, usually single women or widows, became homesteaders in the western states under the Homestead Act of 1863. |
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7 | |
The Dawes Act of 1887 affected Native Americans in all of the following ways EXCEPT: |
| | A) | It divided reservation lands into family parcels and sold the remaining land to non-Indians. |
| | B) | It urged on women domestic roles, dependence on husbands, and loss of traditional activities. |
| | C) | It imposed goals of private property, individualist ethics, and gender hierarchy. |
| | D) | It sought to preserve Native American culture and heritage. |
| | E) | It promoted acculturation to white ways of life. |
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8 | |
The turn-of-the-century term "woman adrift" most accurately described |
| | A) | women workers who had recently lost their jobs. |
| | B) | women who changed jobs frequently. |
| | C) | women who worked in chorus lines, dance halls, and or other aspects of the sexual service sector. |
| | D) | women immigrants who had recently arrived in the United States. |
| | E) | working women who lived apart from their families or employers. |
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9 | |
All of the following statements accurately describe women's roles in domestic service around 1900 EXCEPT: |
| | A) | The work week for a woman domestic worker was half as long as that of a woman factory worker. |
| | B) | Domestic workers complained of few days off and little free time. |
| | C) | Young women in the job market objected to the low status associated with domestic work. |
| | D) | The category of domestic work included native-born women, foreign-born women, daughters of immigrants, and African-American women. |
| | E) | About one of out four domestic workers was African American. |
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10 | |
New York City's Blackwell's Island around 1860 can be most accurately described as |
| | A) | a notorious slum. |
| | B) | a women's jail. |
| | C) | a red-light district. |
| | D) | a well-off resort. |
| | E) | a commercial and industrial center. |
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11 | |
Which of the following statements most accurately describes the role of women in industry around 1900? |
| | A) | About 20% of adult women held industrial jobs. |
| | B) | One out of four employed women worked in manufacturing. |
| | C) | Women constituted about one third of the paid labor force. |
| | D) | About three out of four women employed in industry were over 25. |
| | E) | About one out of five women employed in industry was an immigrant or a daughter of an immigrant. |
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12 | |
The Knights of Labor can be most accurately described as |
| | A) | a national labor organization that sought to include women workers. |
| | B) | a brotherhood of skilled craftsmen that excluded women workers. |
| | C) | a federation of local unions that excluded women workers. |
| | D) | a political party that promoted democratic political reforms. |
| | E) | a national labor organization that urged women to leave the work force. |
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13 | |
All of the following statements about protective labor laws are accurate EXCEPT: |
| | A) | Protective laws sought to limit women's working hours, raise their wages, and improve their working conditions. |
| | B) | Between 1908 and World War I, many states enacted protective laws for women workers or made old laws more rigorous. |
| | C) | In Muller v. Oregon (1908), a case that involved a ten-hour law for women workers, the Supreme Court rejected sex as a valid basis of classification. |
| | D) | Protective labor laws sometimes barred women from working at night or excluded them entirely from certain occupations. |
| | E) | The enactment of protective labor laws for women workers provoked disputes among activist women. |
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14 | |
The Shirtwaist Strike of 1909-1910 in New York City accomplished the following: |
| | A) | It diminished the reputation of the New York Women's Trade Union League. |
| | B) | It publicized shirtwaist workers' complaints of safety hazards, long hours, and lack of overtime pay. |
| | C) | It galvanized popular support for employers and subcontractors in the shirtwaist industry. |
| | D) | It led to the establishment of a network of "working girls' clubs." |
| | E) | It forced employers to agree to hire only union workers. |
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15 | |
Women's jobs as teachers and as office workers in the late nineteenth century shared all of the following attributes EXCEPT: |
| | A) | They employed mainly native-born women. |
| | B) | They were in rapidly-expanding fields of employment, schools, and offices. |
| | C) | They served women as "first jobs" that led to administrative posts. |
| | D) | They attracted middle-class women with some education. |
| | E) | They feminized the vocations of primary school teaching and clerical work. |
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2002 McGraw-Hill Higher Education