Robert S. Feldman,
University of Massachusetts, Amherst
| aggression | The intentional infliction of injury or harm on another person
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| altruism | Helping behavior that is beneficial to others but clearly requires self-sacrifice altruism (134.0K)
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| assumed-similarity bias | The tendency to think of people as being similar to oneself, even when meeting them for the first time
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| attitudes | Learned predispositions to respond in a favorable or unfavorable manner to a particular person, behavior, belief, or thing
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| attribution theory | The theory of personality that seeks to explain how we decide, on the basis of samples of an individual's behavior, what the specific causes of that person's behavior areattribution_theory (245.0K)
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| catharsis | The process of discharging built-up aggressive energycatharsis (98.0K)
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| central traits | The major traits considered in forming impressions of others
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| central-route processing | Message interpretation characterized by thoughtful consideration of the issues and arguments used to persuade
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| cognitive dissonance | The conflict that occurs when a person holds two attitudes or thoughts (referred to as cognitions) that contradict each othercognitive_dissonance (185.0K)
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| companionate love | The strong affection we have for those with whom our lives are deeply involved
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| compliance | Conforming behavior that occurs in response to direct social pressure
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| conformity | A change in behavior or attitudes brought about by a desire to follow the beliefs or standards of other people
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| diffusion of responsibility | The tendency for people to feel that responsibility for acting is shared, or diffused, among those present
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| discrimination | Negative behavior toward members of a particular group
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| dispositional causes (of behavior) | A perceived cause of behavior that is based on internal traits or personality factorsdispositional_causes (176.0K)
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| frustration | The thwarting or blocking of some ongoing, goal-directed behavior
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| fundamental attribution error | A tendency to attribute others' behavior to dispositional causes and the tendency to minimize the importance of situational causes
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| halo effect | A phenomenon in which an initial perception of a person as having positive traits produces the expectation that the person has other uniformly positive characteristics
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| industrial-organizational (I/O) psychology | The branch of psychology that focuses on work and job-related issues, including productivity, job satisfaction, decision making, and consumer behavior
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| interpersonal attraction (or close relationships) | Positive feelings for others; liking and loving
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| obedience | Conforming behavior in reaction to the commands of others
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| passionate (or romantic) love | A state of intense absorption in someone that includes intense physiological arousal, psychological interest, and caring for the needs of another
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| peripheral-route processing | Message interpretation characterized by consideration of the source and related general information rather than of the message itselfperipheral-route (214.0K)
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| prejudice | The negative (or positive) evaluations of groups and their members
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| prosocial behavior | Helping behavior
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| psychology | The scientific study of behavior and mental processes.
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| reciprocity-of-liking effect | A tendency to like those who like us
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| schemas | Sets of cognitions about people and social experiences
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| situational causes (of behavior) | A perceived cause of behavior that is based on environmental factors
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| social cognition | The processes that underlie our understanding of the social world
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| social influence | The process by which the actions of an individual or group affect the behavior of others
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| social psychology | The study of how people's thoughts, feelings, and actions are affected by others
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| social supporter | A person who shares an unpopular opinion or attitude of another group member, thereby encouraging non-conformity
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| status | Social rank within a group
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| stereotypes | Generalized beliefs and expectations about social groups and their members
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2002 McGraw-Hill Higher Education