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Traditions and Encounters, 2/e

Jerry H. Bentley, University of Hawai'i
Herbert F. Ziegler, University of Hawai'i

INDIA AND THE INDIAN OCEAN BASIN

Multiple Choice


1	The Book of the Wonders of India was
		A)	an accurate primary source on Indian history during the tenth century.
		B)	a collection of tall tales about foreign lands.
		C)	written by an Indian trader.
		D)	detailed the overland trade routes to India.
		E)	none of the above.


2	Differing from the south, northern India during the postclassical era was
		A)	predominantly Buddhist.
		B)	one large empire.
		C)	wealthy and prosperous.
		D)	turbulent and chaotic.
		E)	all of the above.


3	Harsha's kingdom
		A)	was strongly influenced by Buddhism.
		B)	restored unified rule in most of northern India through military force.
		C)	supported scholarship through patronage.
		D)	collapsed upon Harsha's death.
		E)	all of the above.


4	Islam spread in India through
		A)	the presence of merchants from the Islamic world.
		B)	the Turkish migrations.
		C)	Arab expeditions into the Sind.
		D)	the influence of the Sultanate of Delhi.
		E)	all of the above.


5	The Chola kingdom and the kingdom of Vijayanagar
		A)	were states of southeast Asia.
		B)	imposed centralized, imperial rules in southern India.
		C)	were two of the larger states to form in southern India.
		D)	were important Muslim states.
		E)	none of the above.


6	Agriculture of the Indian subcontinent relied on
		A)	monsoon rains.
		B)	irrigation systems.
		C)	reservoirs.
		D)	dams and canals.
		E)	all of the above.


7	According to the account of Cosmas Indicopleustes, southern India and Ceylon during the sixth century were
		A)	the world's most urbanized lands.
		B)	great markets for imports and exports.
		C)	famous for their dhows, junks, and emporia.
		D)	places where Christians were persecuted.
		E)	all of the above.


8	Besides their religious purpose, Hindu temples also served as
		A)	large land owners and banks.
		B)	educational institutions.
		C)	organizers of irrigation.
		D)	economic and social centers.
		E)	all of the above.


9	Which of the following was a common trade item seen in India?
		A)	cotton from China.
		B)	spices from southeast Asia.
		C)	slaves from central Asia.
		D)	silk from India.
		E)	horses from east Africa.


10	The Kingdom of Axum
		A)	was one of the most powerful kingdoms in northern India.
		B)	was one of the earliest Islamic kingdoms.
		C)	prospered from the trade coming through its port city of Adulis.
		D)	was unable to resist Arab invasions.
		E)	all of the above.


11	Which of the following is true with regard to the development of the caste system during the postclassical era?
		A)	It helped to integrate immigrants into Indian society.
		B)	Guilds of merchants and manufacturers became powerful castes of India.
		C)	It extended to southern India.
		D)	It was promoted by powerful temples.
		E)	All of the above.


12	Invasions of India by Turkish Muslims hastened the decline of Buddhism because
		A)	Buddhists were convinced that Buddha was not helpful for personal salvation.
		B)	Muslim rulers banned Buddhism.
		C)	the invaders looted and destroyed Buddhist stupas and shrines.
		D)	the Hindus persecuted all other religions after the invasions.
		E)	none of the above.


13	Shankara and Ramanuja were
		A)	two Hindu philosophers with very different ideas about personal salvation.
		B)	two brahmin philosophers who promoted the caste system in India.
		C)	equally important to the development of devotional cults in popular Hinduism.
		D)	philosophers who worshipped Vishnu and Shiva respectively.
		E)	all of the above.


14	Islam in India had a strong appeal to members of lower castes because
		A)	conversion to Islam made them equal with other caste members.
		B)	Islam promised the spiritual equality of all believers.
		C)	Allah was more competent than Shiva and Vishnu in terms of salvation.
		D)	Islam was less dependent on the written word than other religions were.
		E)	all of the above.


15	The bhakti movement was
		A)	launched by Guru Kabir in southern India.
		B)	a campaign designed to expel Islam from India.
		C)	a missionary cult that promoted a personal, emotional approach to Islam.
		D)	a religious movement that sought to erase the distinction between Hinduism and Islam.
		E)	none of the above.


16	Which of the following was not adopted by ruling elites of southeast Asia?
		A)	the Indian caste system.
		B)	the model of Indian states.
		C)	Hinduism and Buddhism.
		D)	Sanskrit.
		E)	Islam.


17	Funan was
		A)	the first southeast Asian state known to have adopted many Indian practices.
		B)	the only Islamic state in southeast Asia.
		C)	the only state that did not show Indian influence in southeast Asia.
		D)	the only state to control an all-sea trade route between China and India.
		E)	the last Hindu state in southeast Asia.


18	The capital of the Angkor state
		A)	was a microcosmic reflection of the Hindu world order.
		B)	had Buddhist elements added to its architecture.
		C)	fell to ruins after the Thais invaded.
		D)	was rediscovered in the jungle by Europeans in the mid-ninteenth century.
		E)	all of the above.


19	Which of the following is not true of Islam in southeast Asia?
		A)	It did not arrive there until after the thirteenth century.
		B)	It was practiced by foreign merchants in port cities for centuries.
		C)	Ruling elites and traders were the first locals to become interested in the faith.
		D)	It often blended with other, more traditional religions.
		E)	It was promoted by Sufi mystics.


20	Differing from other southeast Asian states, Melaka was predominantly a
		A)	Buddhist state.
		B)	Confucian state.
		C)	Christian state.
		D)	Islamic state.
		E)	none of the above.

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