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1 | |
Ivan III declared Russian independence from Mongol rule in 1480 by |
| | A) | expelling all Mongol diplomats from the state. |
| | B) | refusing to pay the required annual tribute. |
| | C) | driving the Mongol army south in the Caucasus Mountains. |
| | D) | supporting the Safavid attack against the ilkhanate of Persia. |
| | E) | none of the above. |
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2 | |
The first significant acquisition of the Principality of Moscow in the fifteenth century was |
| | A) | Georgia. |
| | B) | Lithuania. |
| | C) | Novgorod. |
| | D) | Poland. |
| | E) | Siberia. |
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3 | |
Ivan III sought to consolidate his hold over newly acquired lands by |
| | A) | promoting the intermarriage of Russian cossacks and local women. |
| | B) | recruiting peasants and offering them freedom if they settled in newly acquired lands. |
| | C) | brutally crushing the local nobility. |
| | D) | sending Orthodox missionaries to convert the local populations. |
| | E) | all of the above. |
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4 | |
Ivan III's Byzantine policy included |
| | A) | assuming the title of "tsar." |
| | B) | combining the head of state and head of the church into one position. |
| | C) | adopting the double-headed eagle as the symbol of the empire. |
| | D) | beautifying Moscow in the Byzantine style. |
| | E) | all of the above. |
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5 | |
Ivan IV is known as Ivan the Terrible because |
| | A) | his administration was notoriously corrupt and ineffective. |
| | B) | his policies led to a schism in the Russian Orthodox Church. |
| | C) | his eccentric behavior included the burning of suspected traitors in large frying pans. |
| | D) | the military revolted against his rule, leaving Russia vulnerable to outside invasion. |
| | E) | all of the above. |
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6 | |
After fifteen years of civil war, the Romanov dynasty was established |
| | A) | by a direct descendent of Ivan the Terrible. |
| | B) | by a pretender claiming to be Ivan's lost son, Dmitri, restored to life. |
| | C) | by a puppet ruler installed by the Polish military. |
| | D) | by a candidate chosen by Russian representatives. |
| | E) | by the leader of the volunteer army that expelled the Polish and Swedish invaders. |
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7 | |
Peter the Great's program of westernization included |
| | A) | the first secular system of education in Russian history. |
| | B) | building a powerful, modern army. |
| | C) | state sponsorship of new industries. |
| | D) | inviting skilled foreign workers to Russia. |
| | E) | all of the above. |
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8 | |
Which of the following was not one of Peter's military reforms? |
| | A) | commissioning a modern navy to be built in the shipyards of Amsterdam. |
| | B) | offering economic incentives to peasants who became professional soldiers. |
| | C) | requiring his officers to study mathematics and geometry. |
| | D) | importing experienced military officers such as Vitus Bering to direct Russian operations. |
| | E) | equipping his soldiers with modern firearms. |
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9 | |
To overhaul the government bureaucracy, Peter |
| | A) | created a secret police to spy on officials and report directly to him. |
| | B) | established the Table of Ranks, which allowed officials to be rewarded for merit and loyalty. |
| | C) | created a civil service system that chose the best for the job regardless of social status. |
| | D) | bypassed the nobles, whom he mistrusted, and hired educated commoners instead. |
| | E) | offered tax breaks to foreign industrial powers that would relocate in Russia. |
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10 | |
Of all the social reforms imposed by Peter I, the one that met with the stiffest opposition was |
| | A) | the requirement that all men shave off their beards. |
| | B) | the abolishment of the terem, or seclusion of women. |
| | C) | placing the Orthodox Church directly under his authority. |
| | D) | compulsory education of peasant children. |
| | E) | influence of European technology in the naval academy. |
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11 | |
St. Petersburg was built as |
| | A) | a home for the Russian navy. |
| | B) | a port for trade and commerce with the West. |
| | C) | a showcase of Russian art and culture. |
| | D) | a second capital for the empire. |
| | E) | all of the above. |
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12 | |
Catherine I became tsarina by |
| | A) | poisoning her husband. |
| | B) | deposing her husband with the help of powerful nobles. |
| | C) | enlisting the support of the Russian Orthodox Church to legitimize her claim. |
| | D) | enlisting the support of the military with promises of greater power. |
| | E) | all of the above. |
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13 | |
Catherine's commitment to the ideals of the Enlightenment included all of the following except |
| | A) | more humane penalties for criminal offenses. |
| | B) | public education for girls as well as boys. |
| | C) | promoting inoculation against smallpox. |
| | D) | providing a means by which serfs could earn their freedom. |
| | E) | hiring capable commoners for military and administrative posts. |
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14 | |
Catherine's efforts at reform ended because |
| | A) | she had achieved all that she hoped to. |
| | B) | the French Revolution convinced her that it was dangerous to relinquish control. |
| | C) | she decided that Russia had learned all it needed from the West and should now direct its own history. |
| | D) | she became increasingly erratic and suspicious as she grew older. |
| | E) | all of the above. |
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15 | |
Russian encroachment on the kingdom of Poland-Lithuania began in the seventeenth century with the annexation of what territory? |
| | A) | Belarus. |
| | B) | Georgia. |
| | C) | Lithuania. |
| | D) | Poland. |
| | E) | Ukraine. |
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16 | |
In the late eighteenth century, the Polish-Lithuanian Republic met what fate at the hands of Russia, Austria, and Prussia? |
| | A) | It was forced to disband its army and pay tribute. |
| | B) | It lost half its territory, but retained its king and Parliament. |
| | C) | It was carved up between the three powers and disappeared as a sovereign state. |
| | D) | It was forced to make humiliating economic concessions to each of the three powers. |
| | E) | It was divided into two much weaker states, Poland and Lithuania. |
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17 | |
In the Pale of Settlement, Catherine decreed that |
| | A) | Jews could not live outside specified boundaries. |
| | B) | peasants could not live outside their traditional feudal boundaries. |
| | C) | foreigners were required to live in specified quarters. |
| | D) | artisans were required to register for a craft and work only in that craft. |
| | E) | no Russian could travel without official permission. |
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18 | |
In spite of the isolation and harsh climate, Russians ventured over the Urals into Siberia in search of |
| | A) | trade routes to China. |
| | B) | access to the Pacific. |
| | C) | gold and silver. |
| | D) | furs. |
| | E) | timber. |
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19 | |
At what time did the nobles gain the most power at the expense of their serfs? |
| | A) | In the fourteenth century under Mongol rule. |
| | B) | In the fifteenth century under Ivan the Great. |
| | C) | In the sixteenth century under Ivan the Terrible. |
| | D) | In the seventeenth century under Peter the Great. |
| | E) | In the eighteenth century under Catherine the Great. |
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20 | |
What was the core issue dividing Orthodox reformers and Old Believers? |
| | A) | Whether religious rituals could be revised to be more consistent with the rest of the Orthodox world. |
| | B) | Whether Orthodox services should be in Slavonic or Greek. |
| | C) | Whether the church or the state was responsible for education. |
| | D) | Whether the tsar or the patriarch was the proper authority of the church. |
| | E) | Whether men and women should be permitted to attend services together. |
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2003 McGraw-Hill Higher Education