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Traditions and Encounters, 2/e

Jerry H. Bentley, University of Hawai'i
Herbert F. Ziegler, University of Hawai'i

NEW CONFLAGRATIONS: WORLD WAR II

Multiple Choice


1	World War II opened in the East when the Japanese used the Mukden incident to
		A)	falsely accuse China of aggression.
		B)	falsely accuse the Soviet Union of aggression.
		C)	seize Korea from China.
		D)	seize Sakahlan Island from the Soviet Union.
		E)	establish a puppet government in Manchuria known as Manchukuo.


2	The Japanese justified their invasion of China as
		A)	providing resources essential to their economic survival.
		B)	rescuing the Chinese people from foreign imperialism.
		C)	claiming land that should have come to them by the Treaty of Versailles.
		D)	justifiable revenge for the Sino-Japanese War of 1894.
		E)	all of the above.


3	Chinese resistance to the Japanese was
		A)	a well-coordinated guerilla movement.
		B)	weakened by rivalry between Chinese nationalists and communists.
		C)	effectively crushed by the brutality of Japanese occupation.
		D)	armed by the Soviet Union.
		E)	something.


4	As evidence of renewed power and glory of Italy, Mussolini
		A)	disregarded the League of Nations.
		B)	annexed Libya.
		C)	invaded Ethiopia.
		D)	supported militarists in the Spanish Civil War.
		E)	all of the above.


5	Specific steps taken by Hitler after 1933 that violated the Treaty of Versailles included all of the following except
		A)	remilitarization of Germany in spite of limits imposed by the peace settlement.
		B)	retaking the Rhineland, held by France since the war.
		C)	withdrawing Germany from the League of Nations.
		D)	signing a nonaggression past with the Soviet Union.
		E)	annexing Austria and Sudetenland in spite of the principle of self-determination.


6	At the Munich Conference, British Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain
		A)	took a hard line with Hitler, threatening military retaliation for any further aggression.
		B)	agreed that Hitler could keep lands already taken in exchange for a pledge to end German expansion.
		C)	agreed that the Treaty of Versailles had been unfair to the Germans and that their former empire should be restored.
		D)	created the regional Allied defense against Hitler’s aggression.
		E)	made a secret alliance with the Axis powers.


7	The Russian-German Treaty of Nonaggression of 1939
		A)	conceded German control over eastern Europe.
		B)	conceded Soviet control over eastern Europe.
		C)	freed Hitler to pursue a more aggressive policy in western Europe.
		D)	pledged Soviet support to Germany in case of war.
		E)	brokered critical trade agreements between the two countries.


8	Which of the following is not a reason why Britain stood alone against the German forces in 1941?
		A)	German U-boats severely crippled overseas shipping to Britain.
		B)	German blitzkrieg tactics swiftly eliminated all opposition on the continent.
		C)	Many European states either declared their neutrality or formed alliances with the Germans.
		D)	The United States was unwilling to become involved in another European war and so refused to provide any material support to Britain.
		E)	All of the above are true.


9	Operation Barbarossa in 1941 was code for
		A)	the German invasion of France.
		B)	the German invasion of North Africa.
		C)	the German invasion of the Soviet Union.
		D)	the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor.
		E)	the Allied invasion of Normandy.


10	All of the following were essential to the Soviet defense against the Nazis except
		A)	Allied support through the lend-lease program.
		B)	German overconfidence of a swift victory, which left them trapped far inside Russia when winter came.
		C)	the rapid relocation of Soviet industry to the east.
		D)	outrage at the German treatment of Jewish minorities in eastern Europe.
		E)	the willingness of the Russian people to fight the "Great Patriotic War".


11	Immediate provocation for the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor was
		A)	the internment of Japanese citizens living in the United States.
		B)	an American-led oil embargo against Japan to force withdrawal from China.
		C)	resentment over the unequal treaties imposed on Japan in the nineteenth century.
		D)	resentment that Japan has not gotten more of the territorial "spoils" at the Paris peace settlements after World War I.
		E)	fears of an American attack on the Japanese homeland.


12	The key to the Allied victory in Europe was
		A)	the success of resistance movements at undermining German authority.
		B)	the vast personnel and industrial capacity of the United States and Soviet Union.
		C)	the lack of commitment of Italian forces to the Axis cause.
		D)	the development of the atomic bomb.
		E)	the leadership of Harry Truman after the death of Franklin D. Roosevelt.


13	The key to the Allied victory in the Pacific was
		A)	the island-hopping strategy that positioned U.S. troops within striking range of Japan.
		B)	massive aerial bombing of key Japanese cities.
		C)	the development of the atomic bomb.
		D)	the declaration of war by the Soviet government against Japan.
		E)	all of the above.


14	At the height of their expansion, the Japanese had established either direct or indirect control over all of the following except
		A)	Dutch East Indies.
		B)	Indochina.
		C)	Philippines.
		D)	Singapore.
		E)	Thailand.


15	One common feature of both Japanese and German occupation was
		A)	the use of slave laborers in key industries.
		B)	increased economic output in occupied territories.
		C)	a decentralized administration in collaboration with local authorities.
		D)	civilian rather than military rule.
		E)	All of the above are common features.


16	At the Wannsee Conference in 1942, Nazi leaders decided to
		A)	invade Poland.
		B)	invade the Soviet Union.
		C)	eliminate undesirable minorities in conquered territories in the Soviet Union.
		D)	deport all European Jews to concentration camps in Poland for extermination.
		E)	create the SS Eisantzgrupen.


17	Women in the United States and Britain performed all the following wartime activities except
		A)	direct combat.
		B)	industrial work.
		C)	frontline support.
		D)	training and transport piloting.
		E)	ambulance and hospital work.


18	The highest casualties in World War II were suffered by
		A)	Britain and the United States.
		B)	China and the Soviet Union.
		C)	Germany and Italy.
		D)	Germany and Japan.
		E)	Japan and the United States.


19	As the end of the war approached, Allied leaders agreed that each power would have control over
		A)	those territories liberated by their own armed forces.
		B)	lands evenly divided among the three main Allies according to a secret treaty.
		C)	only those lands illegally seized by the Axis.
		D)	different sectors of Italy.
		E)	only the defeated territories in Asia.


20	The Truman Doctrine pledged that
		A)	Soviet aggression would be met with American force.
		B)	the United States would help rebuilt Europe and Japan.
		C)	the United States would support free people resisting subjugation by insurrection or outside interference.
		D)	the United States would never again resort to atomic weapons.
		E)	the United States would participate in the United Nations.


21	The purpose of the Marshall Plan was
		A)	to discourage communism in western Europe by strengthening capitalism.
		B)	to help rebuilt war-torn Europe with massive aid.
		C)	to be an economic adjunct to the Truman Doctrine.
		D)	to avoid the mistakes that the Paris Peace Settlement made in dealing harshly with a defeated enemy.
		E)	all of the above.

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