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1 | |
In 99 B.C.E. the great historian of China, Sima Qian, suffered from castration because |
| | A) | he was blamed for distorting history. |
| | B) | he inflicted this pain on himself in order to be a eunuch. |
| | C) | his view contradicted the emperor's judgment. |
| | D) | he was a Legalist. |
| | E) | none of the above. |
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2 | |
Confucius left an enduring mark on Chinese society as |
| | A) | an educator and political advisor. |
| | B) | a man involved in the practice of statecraft as an ambitious official. |
| | C) | a great traveler and writer of deep philosophical treatises. |
| | D) | a powerful and wise emperor. |
| | E) | none of the above. |
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3 | |
By junzi, or "superior individuals," Confucius meant |
| | A) | wealthy men of the ruling elite. |
| | B) | strong and brave warriors. |
| | C) | individuals who withdraw from society and live in harmony with nature. |
| | D) | well-educated and conscientious individuals to fill state offices. |
| | E) | writers of important philosophical tracts. |
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4 | |
Which of the following key Confucian concepts is incorrectly described? |
| | A) | Ren: filial piety, or unconditional obligation to respect parents and grandparents. |
| | B) | Li: a sense of propriety. |
| | C) | Xiao: respecting and taking care of parents and grandparents when they are still alive and worshipping them after they have died. |
| | D) | Junzi: people who don't let personal interest influence their judgments. |
| | E) | All of the above are incorrect. |
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5 | |
Mencius, the principal spokesman for the Confucian school, advocated that |
| | A) | the evil nature of human beings could be improved by moral education. |
| | B) | government should be organized through benevolence and humane action. |
| | C) | government should be run by laws. |
| | D) | people should strive to live in harmony with nature. |
| | E) | all of the above. |
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6 | |
The concept dao means |
| | A) | natural laws such as those defined by modern physics. |
| | B) | the original force of the cosmos, an eternal and unchanging principle that governs all the workings of the world. |
| | C) | passive and yielding forces that exist only in water and empty spaces. |
| | D) | living according to ren, li, and xia. |
| | E) | all of the above. |
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7 | |
An individual who practiced the Daoist virtue of wuwei would |
| | A) | motivate himself or herself to change the world. |
| | B) | follow high ethical standards and strive for success. |
| | C) | try to govern the state according to benevolent paternalism. |
| | D) | go with the flow of the cosmos and live in harmony with nature. |
| | E) | all of the above. |
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8 | |
Individuals in traditional China could live as Confucians by day and Daoists by night. This refers to the notion that |
| | A) | the difference between Confucianism and Daoism was as clear-cut as day and night. |
| | B) | Confucianism and Daoism were not mutually exclusive but, in many people's eyes, complemented each other. |
| | C) | the Chinese, like other peoples, were active in daytime and became passive at night. |
| | D) | Daoism was associated with darkness and evil and Confucianism with light and good. |
| | E) | People often pretended to be Confucians to others but were secretly practicing Daoism. |
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9 | |
To make a strong and powerful state, Legalist ministers |
| | A) | encouraged commerce, entrepreneurial activity, and education. |
| | B) | won the people's support by providing them with legal rights. |
| | C) | sought to rule according to principles of benevolence. |
| | D) | encouraged agricultural cultivation and military service. |
| | E) | all of the above. |
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10 | |
The First Emperor Qin Shihuangdi |
| | A) | ordered the burning of most books. |
| | B) | ordered workers to link defensive walls into one barrier. |
| | C) | sentenced scholars to be buried alive. |
| | D) | standardized the written script. |
| | E) | all of the above. |
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11 | |
The excavation site of the First Emperor's tomb nearby Xi'an is a great tourist attraction. When you visit the tomb, you can see |
| | A) | a great terra-cotta army of Qin soldiers and cavalry. |
| | B) | sacrificed slaves, concubines, and craftsmen who designed and built the tomb. |
| | C) | a map of the emperor's realm on the ceiling. |
| | D) | an underground palace lined with bronze. |
| | E) | all of the above. |
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12 | |
The great Qin empire only lasted a few years. It was ended by |
| | A) | a military coup. |
| | B) | waves of revolts. |
| | C) | deadly epidemics. |
| | D) | violence of court factions. |
| | E) | invasions by nomadic people. |
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13 | |
Liu Bang |
| | A) | was the last of the Qin emperors. |
| | B) | was a brilliant and charismatic leader who relied on no one. |
| | C) | constructed the most highly decentralized state in China's history up to that point. |
| | D) | was captured and killed by nomadic Xiongnu warriors. |
| | E) | none of the above. |
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14 | |
Han Wudi, the greatest and most energetic emperor of the Han dynasty, was remembered by later generations |
| | A) | as the "First Emperor." |
| | B) | as the "Martial Emperor." |
| | C) | as a "socialist emperor." |
| | D) | for his successful conquest of central Asia. |
| | E) | none of the above. |
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15 | |
In preparing governmental officials, the imperial university of the Later Han enrolled more than three thousand students, with its curriculum primarily based on |
| | A) | the statecraft policies of Legalism. |
| | B) | political science and the study of law. |
| | C) | Daoism. |
| | D) | Confucianism. |
| | E) | none of the above. |
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16 | |
Han Wudi decided to go on the offensive against the Xiongnu primarily because |
| | A) | he intended to invade the Persian empire from central Asia. |
| | B) | other methods were not effective to pacify the Xiongnu and stop their raids. |
| | C) | the powerful Xiongnu leader, Maodun, killed his father. |
| | D) | he wanted to capture the wealthy Xiongnu cities. |
| | E) | all of the above. |
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17 | |
Which of the following is NOT true with regard to Chinese silk? |
| | A) | Sericulture was first discovered by the Chinese during the Han dynasty. |
| | B) | Chinese silk was finer than others because of advanced sericulture techniques. |
| | C) | During Han times, Chinese silk became a prized commodity in India, Persia, Mesopotamia, and the Roman empire. |
| | D) | During the Han, sericulture expanded from the Yellow River valley to most of China. |
| | E) | Chinese silk thread was made from unraveling silkworm cocoons. |
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18 | |
After 100 C.E. most Chinese writing was on |
| | A) | bamboo strips. |
| | B) | silk. |
| | C) | paper. |
| | D) | papyrus. |
| | E) | parchment. |
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19 | |
After Wang Mang usurped the throne of the Han, he attempted |
| | A) | restore land that had been taken from the royal family. |
| | B) | to solve the problem of court factions. |
| | C) | to redistribute land more equitably. |
| | D) | to conquer the Xiongnu. |
| | E) | all of the above. |
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20 | |
An event leading to the collapse of the Han dynasty was |
| | A) | the Yellow Turban Uprising. |
| | B) | the invasion of the Xiongnu. |
| | C) | the rise of the "socialist emperor." |
| | D) | moving the capital to Luoyang. |
| | E) | all of the above. |
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2003 McGraw-Hill Higher Education