American History: A Survey, 11/e
Alan Brinkley,
Columbia University
ISBN: 0072424362 Copyright year: 2003 Table of Contents
CHAPTER ONE: THE MEETING OF CULTURESAmerica Before ColumbusThe Civilizations of the SouthThe Civilizations of the NorthTribal CulturesEurope Looks WestwardCommerce and NationalismChristopher ColumbusThe ConquistadorsThe Spanish EmpireSpanish AmericaNorthern OutpostsThe Empire at High TideBiological and Cultural ExchangesAfrica and AmericaThe Arrival of the EnglishThe Commercial IncentiveThe Religious IncentiveThe English in IrelandThe French and the Dutch in AmericaThe First English SettlementsRoanokeConclusionSignificant EventsWhere Historians Disagree: Why Do Historians So Often Differ?Where Historians Disagree: The American Population Before ColumbusFor Further Reference CHAPTER TWO: TRANSPLANTATIONS AND BORDERLINESThe Early ChesapeakeThe Founding of JamestownReorganizationTobaccoExpansionExchanges of Agricultural TechnologyMaryland and the CalvertsTurbulent VirginiaCaribbean ColonizationBacon's RebellionThe Growth of New EnglandPlymouth PlantationThe Expansion of New EnglandSettlers and NativesThe Pequot War, King Philip's War, and the Technology of BattleThe Restoration ColoniesThe English Civil WarThe CarolinasNew Netherland, New York, and New JerseyThe Quaker ColoniesBorderlands and Middle GroundsThe Caribbean IslandsMasters and Slaves in the CaribbeanThe Southwestern BorderlandsThe Southeast BorderlandsThe Founding of GeorgiaThe Evolution of the British EmpireConclusionSignificant EventsThe American Environment: The Other PilgrimsFor Further Reference CHAPTER THREE: SOCIETY AND CULTURE IN PROVINCIAL AMERICAThe Colonial PopulationIndentured ServitudeBirth and DeathMedicine in the ColoniesWomen and Families in the ChesapeakeWomen and Families in New EnglandThe Beginnings of Slavery in British AmericaChanging Sources of European ImmigrationThe Colonial EconomiesThe Southern EconomyThe Northern Economic and Technological LifeThe Extent and Limits of TechnologyThe Rise of Colonial CommerceThe Rise of ConsumerismPatterns of SocietyThe PlantationPlantation SlaveryThe Puritan CommunityThe Witchcraft PhenomenonAwakenings and EnlightenmentsThe Pattern of ReligionsThe Great AwakeningThe EnlightenmentEducationThe Spread of ScienceConcepts of Law and PoliticsConclusionSignificant EventsWhere Historians Disagree: The Origins of SlaveryPatterns of Popular Culture: Colonial AlmanacsFor Further Reference CHAPTER FOUR: THE EMPIRE IN TRANSITIONLoosening TiesA Tradition of NeglectThe Colonies DividedThe Struggle for the ContinentNew France and the Iroquois NationAnglo-French ConflictsThe Great War for the EmpireThe New ImperialismBurdens of EmpireThe British and the TribesThe Colonial ResponseStirrings of RevoltThe Stamp Act CrisisThe Townshend ProgramThe Boston MassacreThe Philosophy of RevoltThe Tea ExcitementCooperation and WarNew Sources of AuthorityLexington and ConcordConclusionSignificant EventsPatterns of Popular Culture: Taverns in Revolutionary MassachusettsFor Further Reference CHAPTER FIVE: THE AMERICAN REVOLUTIONThe States UnitedDefining American War AimsThe Decision for IndependenceResponses to IndependenceMobilizing for WarThe War for IndependenceThe First Phase: New EnglandThe Second Phase: The Mid-Atlantic RegionThe Iroquois and the BritishSecuring Aid from AbroadThe Final Phase: The SouthWinning the PeaceWar and SocietyLoyalists and MinoritiesThe War and SlaveryNative Americans and the RevolutionWomen's Rights and Women's RolesThe War EconomyThe Creation of State GovernmentsThe Assumptions of RepublicanismThe First State ConstitutionsRevising State GovernmentsToleration and SlaveryThe Search for a National GovernmentThe ConfederationDiplomatic FailuresThe Confederation and the NorthwestIndians and the Western LandsDebts, Taxes, and Daniel ShaysConclusionSignificant EventsWhere Historians Disagree: The American RevolutionThe American Environment: The GridFor Further Reference CHAPTER SIX: THE CONSTITUTION AND THE NEW REPUBLICFraming a New GovernmentAdvocates of CentralizationA Divided ConventionCompromiseThe Constitution of 1787Federalists and AntifederalistsCompleting the StructureFederalists and RepublicansHamilton and the Federalists Enacting the Federalist ProgramThe Republican OppositionEstablishing National SovereigntySecuring the FrontierNative Americans and the New NationMaintaining NeutralityJay's Treaty and Pinckney's TreatyThe Downfall of the FederalistsThe Election of 1796The Quasi War with FranceRepression and ProtestThe "Revolution" of 1800Conclusion Significant EventsWhere Historians Disagree: The Background of the ConstitutionFor Further Reference CHAPTER SEVEN: THE JEFFERSONIAN ERAThe Rise of Cultural NationalismPatterns of EducationMedicine and ScienceCultural Aspirations in the New NationReligious SkepticismThe Second Great AwakeningStirrings of IndustrialismThe Industrial Revolution in EnglandTechnology in AmericaTransportation InnovationsThe Rising CitiesJefferson the PresidentThe Federal City and the "People's President"Dollars and ShipsConflict with the CourtsDoubling the National DomainJefferson and NapoleonThe Louisiana PurchaseLewis and Clark Explore the WestThe Burr ConspiracyExpansion and WarConflict on the SeasImpressment"Peaceable Coercion"Tecumseh and the ProphetFlorida and War FeverThe War of 1812Battles with TribesBattles with the BritishThe Revolt of New EnglandThe Peace SettlementConclusionSignificant EventsPatterns of Popular Culture: Horse RacingFor Further Reference CHAPTER EIGHT: VARIETIES OF AMERICAN NATIONALISMA Growing EconomyBanking, Currency, and ProtectionTransportationExpanding WestwardThe Great MigrationsWhite Settlers in the Old NorthwestThe Plantation System in the SouthwestTrade and Trapping in the Far WestEastern Images of the WestThe Era of Good FeelingsThe End of the First Party SystemJohn Quincy Adams and FloridaThe Panic of 1819Sectionalism and NationalismThe Missouri CompromiseMarshall and the CourtThe Court and the TribesThe Latin American Revolution and the Monroe DoctrineThe Revival of OppositionThe "Corrupt Bargain" The Second President AdamsJackson TriumphantConclusion Significant Events For Further Reference CHAPTER NINE: JACKSONIAN AMERICAThe Rise of Mass PoliticsThe Expanding ElectorateThe Legitimization of Party"President of the Common Man"Our Federal UnionCalhoun and NullificationThe Rise of Van BurenThe Webster-Hayne DebateThe Nullification CrisisThe Removal of the IndiansWhite Attitudes Towards the TribesThe Black Hawk WarThe "Five Civilized Tribes"Trails of TearsThe Meaning of RemovalJackson and the Bank WarBiddle's InstitutionThe Taney CourtThe Changing Face of American PoliticsDemocrats and WhigsVan Buren and the Panic of 1837The Log Cabin CampaignThe Frustration of the WhigsWhig DiplomacyConclusionSignificant EventsWhere Historians Disagree: The "Age of Jackson"Patterns of Popular Culture: The Penny PressFor Further Reference CHAPTER TEN: AMERICA'S ECONOMIC REVOLUTIONThe Changing American PopulationThe American Population, 1820-1840Immigration and Urban Growth, 1840-1860The Rise of NativismTransportation, Communications, and TechnologyThe Canal AgeThe Early RailroadsThe Triumph of the RailsInnovations in Communications and JournalismCommerce and IndustryThe Expansion of Business, 1820-1840The Emergence of the FactoryAdvances in TechnologyInnovations in Corporate OrganizationMen and Women at WorkRecruiting a Native Work ForceThe Immigrant Work ForceThe Factory System and the Artisan TraditionFighting for ControlPatterns of Industrial SocietyThe Rich and the PoorSocial MobilityMiddle-Class LifeThe Changing FamilyWomen and the "Cult of Democracy"Leisure ActivitiesThe Agricultural NorthNortheastern AgricultureThe Old NorthwestRural LifeConclusionSignificant EventsThe American Environment: The Flow of WaterPatterns of Popular Culture: Shakespeare in AmericaFor Further Reference CHAPTER ELEVEN: COTTON, SLAVERY, AND THE OLD SOUTHThe Cotton EconomyThe Rise of King CottonSouthern Trade and IndustrySources of Southern DifferenceWhite Society in the SouthThe Planter ClassHonorThe "Southern Lady"The Plain FolkSlavery: A Peculiar InstitutionVarieties of SlaveryLife Under SlaverySlavery in the CitiesFree African AmericansThe Slave TradeSlave ResistanceThe Culture of SlaveryLanguage and MusicConclusionSignificant EventsWhere Historians Disagree: The Character of SlaveryPatterns of Popular Culture: The Slaves' MusicFor Further Reading CHAPTER TWELVE: ANTEBELLUM CULTURE AND REFORMThe Romantic ImpulseLiterature and the Quest for LiberationLiterature in the Antebellum SouthThe TranscendentalistsThe Defense of NatureVisions of UtopiaRedefining Gender Roles The MormonsRemaking SocietyRevivalism, Morality, and OrderThe Temperance CrusadeHealth Fads and PhrenologyMedical ScienceReforming EducationRehabilitationThe Indian Reservation
The Rise of Feminism
The Crusade Against SlaveryEarly Opposition to SlaveryGarrison and AbolitionismBlack AbolitionistsAnti-AbolitionismAbolitionism DividedConclusionSignificant EventsPatterns of Popular Culture: Sentimental NovelsFor Further Reading CHAPTER THIRTEEN: THE IMPENDING CRISISLooking WestwardManifest DestinyAmericans in TexasTensions Between the United States and MexicoOregonThe Westward MigrationLife on the TrailExpansion and WarThe Southwest and CaliforniaThe Mexican WarThe Sectional DebateSlavery and the TerritoriesThe California Gold RushRising Sectional TensionsThe Compromise of 1850The Crises of the 1850'sThe Uneasy Truce"Young America"Slavery, Railroads, and the WestThe Kansas-Nebraska Controversy"Bleeding Kansas"The Free-Soil IdeologyThe Pro-Slavery ArgumentBuchanan and DepressionThe Dred Scott DecisionDeadlock over KansasThe Emergence of LincolnJohn Brown's RaidThe Election of LincolnConclusionSignificant EventsPatterns of Popular Culture: LyceumsFor Further Reading CHAPTER FOURTEEN: THE CIVIL WARThe Secession CrisisThe Withdrawal of the SouthThe Failure of CompromiseFort SumterThe Opposing SidesThe Mobilization of the NorthEconomic MeasuresRaising the Union ArmiesWartime PoliticsThe Politics of EmancipationAfrican Americans and the Union CauseThe War and Economic DevelopmentWomen, Nursing, and the WarThe Mobilization of the SouthThe Confederate GovernmentMoney and ManpowerStates' Rights Versus CentralizationEconomic and Social Effects of the WarStrategy and DiplomacyThe CommandersThe Role of Sea PowerEurope and the Disunited StatesThe American West and the WarThe Course of BattleThe Technology of BattleThe Opening Clashes, 1861The Western TheaterThe Virginia Front, 18621863: Year of DecisionThe Last Stage, 1864-1865ConclusionSignificant EventsWhere Historians Disagree: The Causes of the Civil WarPatterns of Popular Culture: Baseball and the Civil WarFor Further Reference CHAPTER FIFTEEN: RECONSTRUCTION AND THE NEW SOUTHThe Problems of PeacemakingThe Aftermath of War and EmancipationCompeting Notions of FreedomIssues of ReconstructionPlans for ReconstructionThe Death of LincolnJohnson and "Restoration"Radical ReconstructionThe Black CodesThe Fourteenth AmendmentThe Congressional PlanThe Impeachment of the PresidentThe South in ReconstructionThe Reconstruction GovernmentsEducationLandownership and TenancyThe Crop Lien SystemThe African-American Family in FreedomThe Grant AdministrationThe Soldier PresidentThe Grant ScandalsThe Greenback QuestionRepublican DiplomacyThe Abandonment of ReconstructionThe Southern States "Redeemed"The Ku Klux Klan ActsWaning Northern CommitmentThe Compromise of 1877The Legacies of ReconstructionThe New SouthThe "Redeemers"Industrialization and the "New South"Tenants and SharecroppersAfrican Americans and the New SouthThe Birth of Jim CrowConclusionSignificant EventsWhere Historians Disagree: ReconstructionPatterns of Popular Culture: The Minstrel ShowWhere Historians Disagree: The Origins of SegregationFor Further Reference CHAPTER SIXTEEN: THE CONQUEST OF THE FAR WESTThe Societies of the Far WestThe Western TribesHispanic New MexicoHispanic California and TexasThe Chinese MigrationAnti-Chinese SentimentsMigration from The EastThe Changing Western EconomyLabor in the WestThe Arrival of the MinersThe Cattle KingdomThe Romance of the WestThe Western LandscapeThe Cowboy CultureThe Idea of the FrontierFrederick Jackson TurnerThe Loss of UtopiaThe Dispersal of the TribesWhite Tribal PoliciesThe Indian WarsThe Dawes ActThe Rise and Decline of the Western FarmerFarming on the PlainsCommercial AgricultureThe Farmer's GrievancesThe Agrarian MalaiseConclusion Significant EventsPatterns of Popular Culture: The Wild West ShowWhere Historians Disagree: The "Frontier" and the WestFor Further Reference Bibliography CHAPTER SEVENTEEN: INDUSTRIAL SUPREMACYSources of Industrial GrowthIndustrial TechnologiesThe Airplane and the AutomobileResearch and DevelopmentThe Science of ProductionRailroad ExpansionThe Corporation
Consolidating Corporate America
The Trust and the Holding CompanyCapitalism and Its CriticsThe "Self-Made Man"Survival of the FittestThe Gospel of WealthAlternative VisionsThe Problems of MonopolyIndustrial Workers in the New EconomyThe Immigrant Work ForceWages and Working ConditionsWomen and Children at WorkThe Struggle to UnionizeThe Great Railroad StrikeThe Knights of LaborThe AFLThe Homestead StrikeThe Pullman StrikeSources of Labor WeaknessConclusion Significant EventsThe American Environment: The Locomotive's Magic WandPatterns of Popular Culture: The Novels of Horatio AlgerFor Further Reference Bibliography CHAPTER EIGHTEEN: THE AGE OF THE CITYThe Urbanization of AmericaThe Lure of the CityMigrationsThe Ethnic CityAssimilationExclusionThe Urban LandscapeThe Creation of Public SpaceHousing the Well-to-DoHousing the Workers and the PoorUrban TransportationThe "Skyscraper"Strains of Urban LifeFire and DiseaseEnvironmental DegradationUrban PovertyCrime and ViolenceFear of the CityThe Machine and the BossThe Rise of Mass ConsumptionPatterns of Income and ConsumptionChain Stores and Mail Order HousesDepartment StoresWomen as ConsumersLeisure in the Consumer Society Redefining LeisureSpectator SportsMusic and TheaterThe MoviesWorking Class LeisureThe Fourth of JulyPrivate PursuitsMass CommunicationsHigh Culture in the Age of the CityThe Literature of Urban AmericaArt in the Age of the CityThe Impact of DarwinismToward Universal SchoolingEducation for WomenConclusion Significant Events Patterns of Popular Culture: Coney IslandFor Further Reference Bibliography CHAPTER NINETEEN: FROM STALEMATE TO CRISISThe Politics of EquilibriumThe Party SystemThe National GovernmentPresidents and PatronageCleveland, Harrison, and the TariffNew Public IssuesThe Agrarian RevoltThe GrangersThe Farmers' AlliancesThe Populist ConstituencyPopulist IdeasThe Crisis of the 1890sThe Panic of 1893The Silver QuestionA "Cross of Gold"The Emergence of BryanThe Conservative VictoryMcKinley and RecoveryConclusion Significant EventsWhere Historians Disagree: PopulismPatterns of Popular Culture: The ChautauquasFor Further Reference Bibliography CHAPTER TWENTY: THE IMPERIAL REPUBLICStirrings of ImperialismThe New Manifest DestinyHemispheric HegemonyHawaii and SamoaWar Within SpainControversy over Cuba"A Splendid Little War"Seizing the PhilippinesThe Battle for CubaPuerto Rico and the United StatesThe Debate over the PhilippinesThe Republic As EmpireGoverning the ColoniesThe Philippine WarThe Open DoorA Modern Military SystemConclusion Significant Events Patterns of Popular Culture: Yellow JournalismFor Further Reference Bibliography CHAPTER TWENTY-ONE: THE RISE OF PROGRESSIVISMThe Progressive ImpulseVarieties of ProgressivismThe MuckrakersThe Social GospelThe Settlement House MovementThe Allure of ExpertiseThe ProfessionsWomen and the ProfessionsWomen and ReformThe "New Woman"The ClubwomenWoman SuffrageThe Assault on the PartiesEarly AttacksMunicipal ReformNew Forms of GovernanceStatehouse ProgressivismParties and Interest GroupsSources of Progressive ReformLabor, the Machine, and ReformWestern ProgressivesAfrican Americans and ReformCrusades for Order and ReformThe Temperance CrusadeThe Dream of SocialismDecentralization and RegulationConclusion Significant Events Where Historians Disagree: Progressive ReformFor Further ReferenceBibliography CHAPTER TWENTY-TWO: THE BATTLE FOR NATIONAL REFORMTheodore Roosevelt and the Modern PresidencyThe Accidental PresidentGovernment, Capital, and Labor"The Square Deal"Roosevelt and ConservationRoosevelt and PreservationThe Hetch Hetchy ControversyThe Panic of 1907The Troubled SuccessionTaft and the ProgressivesThe Return of RooseveltSpreading Insurgency
Roosevelt versus Taft
Woodrow Wilson and the New FreedomWoodrow WilsonThe Scholar as PresidentRetreat and Advance"The Big Stick": America and the World, 1901-1917Roosevelt and "Civilization"Protecting the "Open Door" in AsiaThe Iron-Fisted NeighborThe Panama CanalTaft and "Dollar Diplomacy"Conclusion Significant Events The American Environment: Saving the ForestsFor Further Reference Bibliography CHAPTER TWENTY-THREE: AMERICA AND THE GREAT WARThe Road To WarThe Collapse of the European PeaceWilson's NeutralityPreparedness Versus PacifismA War for Democracy"War Without Stint"Entering the WarThe American Expeditionary ForceThe Military StruggleThe New Technology of WarfareThe War and American SocietyOrganizing the Economy for WarLabor and the WarEconomic and Social Results of the WarThe Peace MovementThe Search for Social UnitySelling the War and Suppressing DissentThe Search for A New World OrderThe Fourteen PointsEarly ObstaclesThe Paris Peace ConferenceThe Ratification BattleWilson's OrdealA Society in TurmoilIndustry and LaborThe Demands of African AmericansConclusion Significant Events Patterns of Popular Culture: Billy Sunday and Modern RevivalismFor Further Reference Bibliography CHAPTER TWENTY-FOUR: THE NEW ERAThe New EconomyTechnology and Economic GrowthEconomic OrganizationLabor in the New EraWomen and Minorities in the Work ForceThe "American Plan"Agricultural Technology and the Flight of the FarmerThe New CultureConsumerismAdvertisingThe Movies and BroadcastingModernist ReligionProfessional WomenChanging Ideas of MotherhoodThe "Flapper": Image and RealityPressing for Women's RightsEducation and YouthThe Decline of the Self-Made ManThe DisenchantedThe Harlem RenaissanceThe Southern AgrariansA Conflict of CulturesProhibitionNativism and the KlanReligious FundamentalismThe Democrats' OrdealRepublican GovernmentHarding and CoolidgeGovernment and BusinessConclusion Significant Events Pattern of Popular Culture: Dance HallsFor Further Reference Bibliography CHAPTER TWENTY-FIVE: THE GREAT DEPRESSIONThe Coming of the Great DepressionThe Great CrashCauses of the DepressionProgress of the DepressionThe American People in Hard TimesUnemployment and ReliefAfrican Americans and the DepressionMexican American in Depression AmericaAsian Americans in Hard TimesWomen and the Workplace in the Great DepressionDepression FamiliesThe Depression and American CultureDepression ValuesArtists and Intellectuals in the Great DepressionRadioThe MoviesPopular Literature and JournalismThe Popular Front and the LeftThe Ordeal of Herbert HooverThe Hoover ProgramPopular ProtestThe Election of 1932The "Interregnum"Conclusion Significant Events Patterns of Popular Culture: The Films of Frank CapraThe American Environment: Dust BowlWhere Historians Disagree: Causes of the Great DepressionFor Further Reference Bibliography CHAPTER TWENTY-SIX: THE NEW DEALLaunching the New DealRestoring ConfidenceAgricultural AdjustmentIndustrial RecoveryRegional PlanningCurrency, Banks, and the Stock MarketThe Growth of Federal ReliefThe New Deal in TransitionCritics of the New DealThe "Second New Deal"Labor MilitancyOrganizing BattlesSocial SecurityNew Directions in Relief
The 1936 "Referendum"
The New Deal in DisarrayRetrenchment and RecessionLimits and Legacies of the New DealThe Idea of the "Broker State"African Americans and The New DealThe New deal and the "Indian Problem"Women and the New DealThe New Deal in the West and the SouthThe New Deal and the National EconomyThe New Deal and American PoliticsConclusion Significant Events Where Historians Disagree: The New DealPatterns of Popular Culture: The Golden Age of Comic BooksFor Further Reference Bibliography CHAPTER TWENTY-SEVEN: THE GLOBAL CRISIS, 1921-1941The Diplomacy of the New EraReplacing the LeagueDebts and DiplomacyHoover and the World CrisisIsolationism and InternationalismDepression DiplomacyAmerica and the Soviet UnionThe Good Neighbor PolicyThe Rise of IsolationismThe Failure of MunichFrom Neutrality To InterventionNeutrality TestedThe Third Term CampaignNeutrality AbandonedThe Road to Pearl HarborConclusion Significant Events Patterns of Popular Culture: Orson Welles and the War of the WorldsWhere Historians Disagree: The Question of Pearl HarborFor Further Reference Bibliography CHAPTER TWENTY-EIGHT: AMERICA IN A WORLD AT WARWar on Two FrontsContaining the JapaneseHolding Off the GermansAmerica and the HolocaustThe American People in WartimeProsperityThe War and the WestLabor and the WarStabilizing the BoomMobilizing ProductionWartime Science and TechnologyAfrican Americans and the WarNative Americans and the WarMexican American War WorkersWomen and Children at WarWartime Life and CultureThe Internment of Japanese AmericansChinese Americans and the WarThe Retreat from ReformThe Defeat of the AxisThe Liberation of FranceThe Pacific OffensiveThe Manhattan ProjectAtomic WarfareConclusionSignificant Events Patterns of Popular Culture: The Age of SwingWhere Historians Disagree: The Decision To Drop the Atomic BombFor Further Reference Bibliography CHAPTER TWENTY-NINE: THE COLD WAROrigins of the Cold WarSources of Soviet-American TensionWartime DiplomacyYaltaThe Collapse of the Peace The Failure of PotsdamThe China ProblemThe Containment DoctrineThe Marshall PlanMobilization at HomeThe Road to NATOReevaluating Cold War PolicyAmerican Politics and Society After the WarThe Problems of ReconversionThe Fair Deal RejectedThe Election of 1948The Fair Deal RevivedThe Nuclear AgeThe Korean WarThe Divided PeninsulaFrom Invasion to StalemateLimited MobilizationThe Crusades Against SubversionHUAC and Alger HissThe Federal Loyalty Program and the Rosenberg CaseMcCarthyismThe Republican RevivalConclusion Significant Events Where Historians Disagree: Origins of the Cold WarWhere Historians Disagree: McCarthyismFor Further ReferenceBibliography CHAPTER THIRTY: THE AFFLUENT SOCIETY"The Economic Miracle"Sources of Economic GrowthThe Rise of the Modern WestThe New EconomicsCapital and LaborThe Explosion of Science and TechnologyMedical BreakthroughsPesticidesPostwar Electronic ResearchPostwar Computer TechnologyBombs, Rockets, and MissilesThe Space ProgramPeople of PlentyConsumer CultureThe Suburban NationThe Suburban FamilyThe Birth of TelevisionTravel, Outdoor Recreation, and EnvironmentalismOrganized Society and Its DetractorsRock 'N RollThe "Other America"On the Margins of the Affluent SocietyRural PovertyThe Inner CitiesThe Rise of the Civil Rights MovementThe Brown Decision and "Massive Resistance"The Expanding MovementCauses of the Civil Rights MovementEisenhower Republicanism"What Was Good for…General Motors"The Survival of the Welfare StateThe Decline of McCarthyismEisenhower, Dulles, and the Cold WarDulles and "Massive Retaliation"France, America, and VietnamCold War CrisesEurope and the Soviet UnionThe U-2 CrisesConclusion Significant Events The American Environment: The Landscape and the AutomobilePatterns of Popular Culture: Lucy and DesiFor Further Reference Bibliography CHAPTER THIRTY-ONE: THE ORDER OF LIBERALISMExpanding the Liberal StateJohn KennedyLyndon JohnsonThe Assault on PovertyCities, Schools, and ImmigrationLegacies of the Great SocietyThe Battle for Racial EqualityExpanding ProtestsA National CommitmentThe Battle for Voting RightsThe Changing MovementUrban ViolenceBlack PowerMalcolm X"Flexible Response" and the Cold WarDiversifying Foreign PolicyConfrontations with the Soviet UnionJohnson and the WorldThe Agony of VietnamThe First Indochina WarGeneva and the Two VietnamsAmerica and DiemFrom Aid to InterventionThe QuagmireThe War at HomeThe Traumas of 1968The Tet OffensiveThe Political ChallengeThe King and Kennedy AssassinationsThe Conservative ResponseConclusion Significant Events Patterns of Popular Culture: The Folk-Music RevivalWhere Historians Disagree: The Vietnam CommitmentFor Further Reference Bibliography CHAPTER THIRTY-TWO: THE CRISIS OF AUTHORITYThe Youth CultureThe New LeftThe CountercultureThe Mobilization of MinoritiesSeeds of Indian MilitancyThe Indian Civil Rights MovementLatino ActivismChallenging the "Melting Pot" IdealGay LiberationThe New FeminismThe RebirthWomen's LiberationExpanding AchievementThe Abortion ControversyEnvironmentalism in a Turbulent SocietyThe Science of EcologyEnvironmental AdvocacyEnvironmental DegradationEarth Day and BeyondNixon, Kissinger, and the WarVietnamizationEscalation"Peace with Honor"Defeat in IndochinaNixon, Kissinger, and the WorldChina and the Soviet UnionThe Problems of MultipolarityPolitics and Economics Under NixonDomestic InitiativesFrom the Warren Court to the Nixon CourtThe Election of 1972The Troubled EconomyThe Nixon ResponseThe Watergate CrisisThe ScandalsThe Fall of Richard NixonConclusion Significant Events Patterns of Popular Culture: Rock Music in the SixtiesWhere Historians Disagree: WatergateThe American Environment: Silent SpringFor Further Reference Bibliography CHAPTER THIRTY-THREE: From "The Age of Limits: to the Age of Reagan"Politics and Diplomacy After WatergateThe Ford CustodianshipThe Trials of Jimmy CarterHuman Rights and National InterestsThe Year of the HostagesThe Rise of the New American RightThe Sunbelt and Its PoliticsReligious RevivalismThe Emergence of the New RightThe Tax RevoltThe Campaign of 1980The "Reagan Revolution"The Reagan CoalitionReagan in the White House"Supply Side Economics"The Fiscal CrisisReagan and the WorldThe Election of 1984America and the Waning of the Cold WarThe Fall of the Soviet UnionReagan and GorbachevThe Fading of the Reagan RevolutionThe Election of 1988The Bush PresidencyThe Gulf WarThe Election of 1992Conclusion Significant Events Patterns of Popular Culture: The MallFor Further Reference Bibliography CHAPTER THIRTY-FOUR: MODERN TIMESA Resurgence of PartisanshipLaunching the Clinton PresidencyThe Republican ResurgenceThe Election of 1996Clinton Triumphant and EmbattledImpeachment, Acquittal, and ResurgenceThe Election of 2000The Second Bush PresidencyThe Economic BoomFrom "Stagflaration" to GrowthThe Two-Tiered EconomyGlobalizationScience and Technology in the New EconomyThe Personal ComputerThe InternetBreakthroughs in GeneticsA Changing SocietyThe Graying of AmericaNew Patterns of Immigration and EthnicityThe Black Middle ClassPoor and Working-Class African AmericansPatterns of Popular CultureModern Plagues: Drugs and AIDSThe Decline in CrimeA Contested CultureBattles over Feminism and AbortionThe Changing Left and the Growth of EnvironmentalismThe Fragmentation of Mass CultureThe "Culture Wars"The Perils of GlobalizationOpposing the "New World Order"Defending OrthodoxyThe Rise of TerrorismA New Era?Conclusion Significant Events Patterns of Popular Culture: RapFor Further Reference Bibliography Topographical Map of the United States United States Territorial Expansion, 1783-1898 The Declaration of Independence The Constitution of the United States of America Vice Presidents and Cabinet Members Population of the United States, 1790-1993 Production, Trade, and Federal Spending/Debt, 1790-1992 |
| |