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1 | |
The American population between 1820 and 1840: |
| | A) | grew fastest in the South. |
| | B) | became increasingly rural. |
| | C) | was migrating westward. |
| | D) | was not growing as fast as the population of Europe. |
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2 | |
The rise of New York City in the first half of the nineteenth century was the result of all of the following except: |
| | A) | a superior natural harbor. |
| | B) | liberal state laws that made the city attractive for both foreign and domestic commerce. |
| | C) | an absence of "nativist" sentiment. |
| | D) | unrivaled access to the interior. |
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3 | |
At the time it was completed, the Erie Canal was: |
| | A) | already obsolete. |
| | B) | beginning to fill with silt from the Great Lakes. |
| | C) | the greatest construction project Americans had ever undertaken. |
| | D) | cited as an example of how not to construct a canal. |
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4 | |
Which of the following helped enlarge the urban population in this era? |
| | A) | Immigrants from Europe. |
| | B) | Northeast farmers. |
| | C) | The growth of the population as a whole. |
| | D) | All of the above. |
| | E) | Both a and c. |
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5 | |
The nativist movement wanted to: |
| | A) | return all land to Native Americans. |
| | B) | enact more restrictive naturalization laws. |
| | C) | increase aid to education so voters would be literate. |
| | D) | make immigrants feel this was their home. |
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6 | |
One of the immediate results of the new transportation routes constructed during the "canal age" was: |
| | A) | an increased white settlement in the Northwest. |
| | B) | an increased white settlement in the Southwest. |
| | C) | the renewed cooperation between states and the national environment on internal improvement projects. |
| | D) | the conviction that the national government should be responsible for all internal improvements. |
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7 | |
Efforts to change the flow of water: |
| | A) | helped to reduce cholera epidemics in the United States. |
| | B) | increased the number of fish species in the Great Lakes. |
| | C) | allowed riverfront cities to have manufactured power on a year-round basis. |
| | D) | had little effect on the growth of industry in the United States before the Civil War. |
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8 | |
During the 1820s and 1830s, railroads: |
| | A) | played only a secondary role in the nation's transportation system. |
| | B) | replaced canals as the most important means of transportation. |
| | C) | generated little interest among American businessmen. |
| | D) | consisted of a few long lines, which were not connected to water routes. |
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9 | |
The most profound economic development in mid-nineteenth-century America was the: |
| | A) | development of a national banking system. |
| | B) | creation of corporations. |
| | C) | decline of the small-town merchant and general store. |
| | D) | rise of the factory. |
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10 | |
The telegraph: |
| | A) | was expensive to use and thus offered limited advantages for American industry. |
| | B) | slowly developed as a tool for commerce in the United States. |
| | C) | was first used to announce the victory of James K. Polk in the presidential election of 1844. |
| | D) | was invented in just a week by Samuel F.B. Morse. |
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11 | |
The great technical advances in American industry owed much to: |
| | A) | American inventors. |
| | B) | national research universities. |
| | C) | innovative businessmen. |
| | D) | labor unions. |
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12 | |
The beginnings of an industrial labor supply can be traced to: |
| | A) | overcrowding in American cities. |
| | B) | a dramatic increase in food production. |
| | C) | the use of slaves in manufacturing industries. |
| | D) | an increase in European immigration. |
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13 | |
The Lowell or Waltham system of recruiting labor was to: |
| | A) | enlist young women from farm families. |
| | B) | recruit whole families from rural areas. |
| | C) | recruit newly arrived immigrants. |
| | D) | enlist young men from farm families. |
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14 | |
The paternalistic factory system of Lowell and Waltham did not last long because: |
| | A) | workers resented being watched over so carefully. |
| | B) | in the highly competitive textile market, manufacturers were eager to cut labor costs. |
| | C) | unions undermined the owners' authority. |
| | D) | men found jobs in the factories, and they disliked the paternalistic system. |
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15 | |
Most of the industrial growth experienced in the United States between 1840 and 1860 took place in the: |
| | A) | South and Southwest |
| | B) | Old Northwest. |
| | C) | New England region and the mid-Atlantic states. |
| | D) | Ohio Valley. |
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16 | |
Artisan workers: |
| | A) | successfully made the transition to factory work. |
| | B) | created the nation's earliest trade unions. |
| | C) | had abandoned the republican vision of American work. |
| | D) | allied themselves with the new capitalist class. |
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17 | |
Which of the following was not a technological advance that sped the growth of industry during this period? |
| | A) | Better machine tools. |
| | B) | Interchangeable tools. |
| | C) | Improved water-power generators. |
| | D) | New steam engines. |
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18 | |
The railroad network that developed during this period linked: |
| | A) | the Northeast to the Northwest. |
| | B) | the Northeast to the Gulf Coast. |
| | C) | the East Coast to the West Coast. |
| | D) | New York to New Orleans. |
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19 | |
Crucial to the operation of railroads was: |
| | A) | a system of federal railroad regulations. |
| | B) | the invention of the telegraph. |
| | C) | slave labor to build the lines. |
| | D) | a canal and river system that supported the lines. |
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20 | |
Which of the following did not inhibit the growth of effective labor resistance? |
| | A) | Ethnic divisions between natives and immigrants. |
| | B) | The availability of cheap labor. |
| | C) | Slavery. |
| | D) | The strength of the industrial capitalists. |
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21 | |
Why did the unequal distribution of wealth not create more resentment? |
| | A) | The actual living standard of the workers was improving. |
| | B) | There was no social mobility, but people were content to stay where they were in the social system. |
| | C) | Geographic mobility was limited, so there were few other opportunities. |
| | D) | The political system offered few ways to express resentment. |
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22 | |
In the middle-class family during this era, the role of women changed from: |
| | A) | helpmate to workmate. |
| | B) | republican mother" to "democratic female." |
| | C) | passive domestic to radical feminist. |
| | D) | income producer to income consumer. |
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23 | |
Shakespeare's plays: |
| | A) | were generally viewed as entertainment for the nation's elite classes. |
| | B) | led to a riot at the Astor Place Opera House. |
| | C) | were not particularly enjoyed by antebellum Americans. |
| | D) | were played before quiet, respectful audiences in American cities. |
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24 | |
The growth of the agricultural economy of the Northwest affected the sectional alignment of the United States because: |
| | A) | northwestern goods were sold to residents of the Northeast. |
| | B) | northeastern industry sold its products to the Northeast. |
| | C) | northwestern grain was sold to the South, which allowed it to grow more cotton. |
| | D) | the Northwest was able to feed itself so it did not align with any other section. |
| | E) | both a and b. |
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