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1 | |
The southern failure to create a flourishing commercial or industrial economy was in part the result of: |
| | A) | a lack of business talent in the South. |
| | B) | an unwillingness on the part of the southerners to take risks. |
| | C) | a set of values distinctive to the South that discouraged the growth of cities and industry. |
| | D) | a slave labor force that could not work successfully in industry. |
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2 | |
The most important economic development in the mid-nineteenth-century South was the: |
| | A) | invention of the cotton gin. |
| | B) | shift of economic power from the "upper South" to the "lower South." |
| | C) | increased agricultural diversity of the region. |
| | D) | decline in the price of slaves. |
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3 | |
The expansion of southern agriculture from 1820 to 1860 was due to the expansion of the cultivation of: |
| | A) | western rice. |
| | B) | tobacco in Kentucky. |
| | C) | Louisiana sugar. |
| | D) | short-staple cotton in the Black Belt. |
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4 | |
The South in 1860, in contrast to 1800, had become: |
| | A) | a primarily rural and agricultural region |
| | B) | increasingly unlike the North and increasingly sensitive to criticism. |
| | C) | a region where political power rested in the hands of small farmers. |
| | D) | more urban and more industrialized. |
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5 | |
A minority of southern whites owned slaves: |
| | A) | and nonslaveholders dominated the political system in the region. |
| | B) | but the slaveholding planters exercised power and influence far in excess of their numbers. |
| | C) | so slavery was not very important in the lives of most whites. |
| | D) | and most whites were happy with it that way. |
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6 | |
The South had a "colonial" economy in that: |
| | A) | most of its land was owned by outside interests. |
| | B) | it employed slave labor. |
| | C) | it produced raw materials and purchased finished products. |
| | D) | had little political power. |
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7 | |
According to the "cavalier" image, southern planters were: |
| | A) | mostly horsebreeders. |
| | B) | really a rough-and-tumble group of people. |
| | C) | genteel aristocrats. |
| | D) | successful agricultural businessmen. |
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8 | |
The Southern concept of honor: |
| | A) | mirrored that of the North. |
| | B) | was part of Preston Brooks' motivation in his caning of Charles Sumner. |
| | C) | had little to do with slavery. |
| | D) | did not extend to the practice of dueling. |
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9 | |
Most southern white "ladies" were: |
| | A) | less subordinate to men than in the North. |
| | B) | relatively isolated from people outside their own families. |
| | C) | better educated than their northern counterparts. |
| | D) | more likely to engage in public activities or income-producing employment than their northern counterparts. |
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10 | |
The typical white southerner was: |
| | A) | a planter with many slaves and a lot of land. |
| | B) | a small-town merchant or professional man. |
| | C) | extremely poor. |
| | D) | a modest yeoman farmer. |
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11 | |
Although most whites did not own slaves, most supported the plantation system because: |
| | A) | it controlled the slaves. |
| | B) | they had economic ties to it. |
| | C) | slaveholder and nonslaveholder were often related. |
| | D) | all of the above. |
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12 | |
Which of the following was NOT a condition of slave life in the South? |
| | A) | An adequate if rough diet. |
| | B) | Hard work, even for women and children. |
| | C) | The freedom to use the time after work as they wished to. |
| | D) | Isolation and control. |
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13 | |
The slave codes of the southern states: |
| | A) | imposed a uniformly harsh and dismal regime for southern slaves. |
| | B) | allowed slaves a great deal of flexibility and autonomy. |
| | C) | created a paternal and benevolent relationship between master and slave. |
| | D) | contained rigid provisions but were unevenly enforced. |
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14 | |
Slaves seemed to prefer to live on larger plantations because: |
| | A) | masters supervised workers personally and often worked alongside them. |
| | B) | they had more opportunities for privacy and for a social world of their own. |
| | C) | masters seemed more concerned with their health and welfare. |
| | D) | the work was lighter and provisions were more abundant. |
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15 | |
Which of the following statements about Southern slavery is true? |
| | A) | Most of the slaveowners owned more than ten slaves. |
| | B) | Most of the slaves lived on farms with less than ten slaves. |
| | C) | The majority of slaveowners were small farmers, but the majority of slaves lived on plantations of medium or large size. |
| | D) | The majority of slaveowners lived on medium or large plantations, but most slaves lived and worked on small farms. |
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16 | |
If there was dangerous work to be done: |
| | A) | masters generally hired slaves rather than use their own. |
| | B) | free labor, often Irishmen, might be hired. |
| | C) | it made no difference to masters, who used their slaves no matter what the conditions. |
| | D) | only older slaves were used. |
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17 | |
As southern cities grew, the number of slaves in them declined because: |
| | A) | urban slaveholders, fearing rebellion, sold their slaves. |
| | B) | diseases in cities killed them off. |
| | C) | men outnumbered women, so there was no natural increase. |
| | D) | slaves in the city ran away to the countryside. |
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18 | |
Slave resistance in the South often took all of the following forms EXCEPT: |
| | A) | armed revolts. |
| | B) | petty thievery. |
| | C) | work slowdowns. |
| | D) | running away. |
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19 | |
Slaves used music: |
| | A) | primarily to entertain whites. |
| | B) | solely as a means of entertaining themselves. |
| | C) | that was influenced heavily by American music. |
| | D) | as a means of expressing their dreams and frustrations. |
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20 | |
African-American religion: |
| | A) | was condoned by the masters. |
| | B) | emphasized deliverance in the next world. |
| | C) | sometimes combined Christianity with traditional African religions. |
| | D) | primarily occurred under the guidance of white ministers. |
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21 | |
The historical debate over the nature of plantation slavery demonstrates: |
| | A) | the difficulty in researching a field in which few documents exist. |
| | B) | the extent to which historians are influenced by the times in which they write. |
| | C) | basic agreement that slavery was a brutal, savage institution that dehumanized all participants. |
| | D) | that black slaves in the South were generally content and happy with their lot. |
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22 | |
In The Black Family in Slavery and Freedom (1976), Herbert Gutman argued that: |
| | A) | slave families were better treated and lived in greater comfort than did northern industrial workers. |
| | B) | the black family survived slavery with impressive strength. |
| | C) | slavery destroyed the significance of the father in the black family. |
| | D) | slaves were unable to establish strong family ties. |
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23 | |
The only slave insurrection in the nineteenth century South was led by: |
| | A) | Gabriel Prosser. |
| | B) | Denmark Vesey. |
| | C) | Nat Turner. |
| | D) | Frederick Douglass. |
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24 | |
Black adaptation to slavery: |
| | A) | revealed a passive contentment with bondage. |
| | B) | produced a rich and complex culture in support of racial pride and unity. |
| | C) | undermined black conversion to Christianity. |
| | D) | resulted in the loss of all cultural elements of African life. |
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25 | |
Slave families: |
| | A) | consistently operated on the model of the "nuclear family." |
| | B) | condemned premarital pregnancies. |
| | C) | generally lived on a single plantation. |
| | D) | did not place much emphasis on extended kinship networks. |
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