Books.

General Histories. Robert L. Beisner, From the Old Diplomacy to the New, 1865--1900, 2nd ed. (1986). Charles S. Campbell, The Transformation of American Foreign Relations, 1865--1900 (1976). John Dobson, America's Ascent: The United States Becomes a Great Power, 1880--1914 (1978). Foster Rhea Dulles, Prelude to World Power, 1865--1900 (1965). J. A. S. Grenville and George Berkeley Young, Politics, Strategy and American Diplomacy: Studies in Foreign Policy, 1873--1917 (1966). David F. Healy, U.S. Expansionism: Imperialist Urge in the 1890s (1970). Walter LeFeber, The New Empire: An Interpretation of American Expansion, 1860-1898 (1963); The Cambridge History of American Foreign Relations, Vol.2: The Search for Opportunity, 1865-1913 (1993). Ernest May, Imperial Democracy (1961); American Imperialism: A Speculative Essay (1968). H. Wayne Morgan, America's Road to Empire (1965). Milton Plesur, America's Outward Thrust: Approaches to Foreign Affairs, 1865--1890 (1971). David M. Pletcher, The Awkward Years: American Foreign Relations under Garfield and Arthur (1962); The Diplomacy of Trade and Investment: American Economic Expansion in the Hemisphere, 1865-1900 (1998). Julius W. Pratt, Expansionists of 1898 (1936). Emily S. Rosenberg, Spreading the American Dream: American Economic and Cultural Expansion, 1890--1945 (1982). Anders Stephanson, Manifest Destiny: American Expansionism and the Empire of Right (1995). Albert K. Weinberg, Manifest Destiny: A Study in Nationalist Expansion in American History (1935). William Appleman Williams, The Tragedy of American Diplomacy (rev. ed., 1972).

The Spanish-American War. Richard Challener, Admirals, Generals, and American Foreign Policy, 1889--1914 (1973). Graham A. Cosmas, An Army for Empire: The United States Army in the Spanish-American War (1971). Philip S. Foner, The Spanish-Cuban-American War and the Birth of American Imperialism, 2 vols. (1972). Frank Freidel, The Splendid Little War (1958). Willard B. Gatewood, Jr., Black Americans and the White Man's Burden, 1898-1903 (1975); "Smoked Yankees": Letters from Negro Soldiers, 1898-1902 (1971). Kristin L. Hoganson, Fighting for American Manhood: How Gender Politics Provoked the Spanish-American and Philippine-American Wars. (1998). Gerald F. Linderman, The Mirror of War: American Society and the Spanish-American War (1974). Walter Millis, The Martial Spirit (1931). Joyce Milton, The Yellow Journalists (1989). Edmund Morris, The Rise of Theodore Roosevelt (1979). John L. Offner, An Unwanted War: The Diplomacy of the United States and Spain over Cuba, 1895--1898 (1992). Louis A. Perez, Jr., Cuba Between Empires, 1868-1902 (1983); The War of 1898: The United States and Cuba in History and Historiography (1998). Hyman Rickover, How the Battleship Maine Was Destroyed (1976). David F. Trask, The War with Spain in 1898 (1981). Richard S. West, Jr., Admirals of the American Empire (1948).

Imperialism and Anti-Imperialism. Robert L. Beisner, Twelve Against Empire (1968). Kendrick A. Clements, William Jennings Bryan (1983). James H. Hitchman, Leonard Wood and Cuban Independence, 1898-1902 (1971). Matthew Frye Jacobson, Barbarian Virtues: The United States Encounters Foreign Peoples at Home and Abroad, 1876-1917 (2000). Frederick Merk, Manifest Destiny and Mission in American History (1963). Thomas J. Osborne, "Empire Can Wait": American Opposition to Hawaiian Annexation, 1893--1898 (1891). William J. Pomeroy, American Neo-Colonialism: Its Emergence in the Philippines and Asia (1970). Julius W. Pratt, America's Colonial Empire (1950). Robert Seager II, Alfred Thayer Mahan (1977). E. Berkeley Tompkins, Anti-Imperialism in the United States, 1890--1920: The Great Debate (1970).

The Pacific Empire. H.W. Brands, Bound to Empire: The United States and the Philipines (1992). John Morgan Gates, Schoolbooks and Krags: The United States Army in the Philippines, 1898--1902 (1971). Stanley Karnow, In Our Image: America's Empire in the Philippines (1989). Paul M. Kennedy, The Samoan Tangle (1974). Glenn A. May, Social Engineering in the Philippines (1980). Stuart Creighton Miller, "Benevolent Assimilation": The American Conquest of the Philippines, 1899--1903 (1982). Daniel B. Schirmer, Republic or Empire? American Resistance to the Philippine War (1972). Peter Stanley, A Nation in the Making: The Philippines and the United States (1974). Merze Tate, The United States and the Hawaiian Kingdom (1965). Richard E. Welch, Jr., Response to Imperialism: The United States and the Philippine-American War, 1899--1902 (1979). Leon Wolff, Little Brown Brother (1961).

America and Asia. Warren Cohen, America's Response to China (rev. ed., 1980); East Asian Art and American Culture: A Study in International Relations (1992). Kenton Clymer, John Hay: Gentleman as Diplomat (1975). Patricia Hill, The World Their Household: The American Women's Foreign Mission Movement and Cultural Transformation (1985). Michael Hunt, The Making of a Special Relationship: The United States and China to 1914 (1983). Jane Hunter, The Gospel of Gentility: American Women Missionaries in Turn-of-the-Century China (1984). Akira Iriye, Across the Pacific (1967); Pacific Estrangement: Japanese and American Expansion (1972). Robert McClellan, The Heathen Chinese: A Study of American Attitudes Toward China (1971). Thomas J. McCormick, China Market: America's Quest for Informal Empire, 1893--1901 (1967). Charles Neu, The Troubled Encounter (1975). James C. Thomsen, Jr., Peter W. Stanley, and John Curtis Perry, Sentimental Imperialists: The American Experience in East Asia (1981). Paul Varg, The Making of a Myth: The United States and China, 1897--1912 (1968); Missionaries, Chinese and Diplomats (1958). Marilyn B. Young, The Rhetoric of Empire: American China Policy, 1895--1901 (1968).

Films.

The Big Stick (RMI Media Productions, Inc., 1991). First in the Philippines (Robert Koglin, 1984). A Man, A Plan, A Canal: Panama (Coronet Films and Video, 1987). Savage Acts (American Social History Project, 1995).

Internet Resources.

Anti-Imperialism in the United States - http://www.boondocksnet.com/ai/index.html
Hawaii: Independent & Sovereign - http://www.hawaii-nation.org/
Sentenaryo/Centennial: The Philippine Revolution and the Philippine-American War - http://www.boondocksnet.com/centennial/