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1 | |
The first two countries to begin fighting in the conflict that later became known as World War I were: |
| | A) | Austria-Hungary and Serbia. |
| | B) | Belgium and Germany. |
| | C) | France and Italy. |
| | D) | Russia and Poland. |
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2 | |
In the early years of World War I, from 1914 to 1916, the United States: |
| | A) | became an arsenal for the Allies. |
| | B) | maintained a genuinely neutral stance. |
| | C) | remained politically and economically isolated from European affairs. |
| | D) | became sympathetic toward the Central Powers because of the English blockade of Germany. |
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3 | |
The chief rivalry in pre-World War I Europe was between |
| | A) | the Triple Alliance and the Triple Entente. |
| | B) | Great Britain and Germany. |
| | C) | France and Russia. |
| | D) | Russia and Germany. |
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4 | |
President Wilson protested German violations of American neutrality more harshly than British violations because: |
| | A) | he admired the British and favored their cause. |
| | B) | a profitable trade was resulting between the United States and the Allies. |
| | C) | German actions cost some American lives. |
| | D) | of all of the above. |
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5 | |
Woodrow Wilson's reaction to the sinking of the Lusitania was to: |
| | A) | ask Congress for a declaration of war. |
| | B) | break diplomatic relations with Germany. |
| | C) | impose a complete embargo on exports to both sides. |
| | D) | demand assurances from Germany that such outrages would not recur. |
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6 | |
How did Wilson react to the question of military preparedness versus pacifism from 1914 to 1916? |
| | A) | He was among the first leading Americans to urge a rapid military buildup. |
| | B) | He was a consistent pacifist right up to the eve of the declaration of war. |
| | C) | Initially opposed to a military buildup, by the end of 1915 he came to support preparedness. |
| | D) | Initially a staunch militarist, early in 1915 he backed off from this bellicose posture for fear of antagonizing the Central Powers. |
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7 | |
In the presidential election of 1916, the Democrats emphasized: |
| | A) | that Wilson had managed so far to keep the nation out of the European war. |
| | B) | domestic issues strongly and almost ignored the European war as an issue. |
| | C) | a belligerent stand against German violations of American neutral rights and that a Democratic victory for president and Congress would lead to immediate military intervention on the Allied side. |
| | D) | that the United States should take a firm stand against both German and British violations of American neutral rights and should not support or trade with either nation. |
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8 | |
The significance of the Zimmermann telegram was that it: |
| | A) | induced Mexico to join Germany as an ally. |
| | B) | inflamed American public opinion against Germany. |
| | C) | showed that England was not negotiating in good faith. |
| | D) | gave encouragement to the peace faction in the United States. |
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9 | |
The key immediate cause of the American declaration of war against Germany in the spring of 1917 was the: |
| | A) | sinking of the Sussex. |
| | B) | Bolshevik revolution in Russia. |
| | C) | reports of German atrocities against civilians. |
| | D) | German resumption of unrestricted submarine warfare. |
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10 | |
The most immediate effect of American intervention in the war occurred: |
| | A) | in the air. |
| | B) | at sea. |
| | C) | on the ground in Europe. |
| | D) | on the ground in Asia. |
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11 | |
Which of the following statements concerning the American Expeditionary Force (AEF) is true? |
| | A) | The AEF broke the stalemate in favor of the Allies. |
| | B) | Due to its inexperience, the AEF proved largely ineffective in actual combat. |
| | C) | Due to the lateness of its arrival in Europe, the AEF saw relatively little significant combat. |
| | D) | Casualties among the AEF were proportionately larger than among any of the other Allied armies. |
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12 | |
Which were the two principal methods that the U.S. government used to finance the war effort? |
| | A) | Deficit spending and printing more Federal Reserve notes and increased taxes on corporations, incomes, and inheritances. |
| | B) | Loans in the form of "Liberty Bonds" and deficit spending and printing more Federal Reserve notes. |
| | C) | Loans in the form of "Liberty Bonds" and increased taxes on corporations, incomes, and inheritances. |
| | D) | Cutting most forms of federal domestic spending, including education and welfare and increased taxes on corporations, incomes, and inheritances. |
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13 | |
Herbert Hoover was significant to the American effort in World War I as head of the: |
| | A) | Rationing Board. |
| | B) | Food Administration. |
| | C) | War Industries Board. |
| | D) | Industrial Workers of the World. |
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14 | |
Labor unions: |
| | A) | saw the war cause a decrease in membership. |
| | B) | gave up the right to strike during the war in return for significant improvements for workers. |
| | C) | gave up the right to strike during the war because they viewed such a decision as their patriotic duty. |
| | D) | gained permanent advantages as a result of the war. |
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15 | |
Such expressions as "liberty cabbage" and "liberty sausage," as used during World War I, were an indication of: |
| | A) | food shortages in America. |
| | B) | American food relief to Belgium. |
| | C) | American hostile reaction to things German. |
| | D) | American patriotic fervor to increase the food supply by planting home "victory gardens." |
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16 | |
As used in reference to the period of the Great War, the expression "Great Migration" means: |
| | A) | blacks moving from the South to northern industrial cities. |
| | B) | urban easterners moving west to agricultural jobs to meet the great demand for food. |
| | C) | rural dwellers moving to big cities all over the country. |
| | D) | desperate refugees fleeing war-torn Europe for America. |
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17 | |
Supporters of the peace movement included all of the following EXCEPT: |
| | A) | Irish Americans |
| | B) | leftist political groups. |
| | C) | Southern farmers. |
| | D) | the women's movement. |
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18 | |
The main purpose of the Committee on Public Information, during World War I, was to: |
| | A) | inform American consumers about wartime regulations and restrictions on food, gasoline, nylon, and the like. |
| | B) | infiltrate behind German lines and distribute flyers to the German and occupied citizens urging them to undermine the war effort. |
| | C) | gather data about troop movements and plans of the Central Powers. |
| | D) | disseminate pro-war propaganda and promote public support of the war in the United States. |
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19 | |
Billy Sunday: |
| | A) | attempted to join Darwin and the theory of evolution with Christianity. |
| | B) | opposed the temperance movement. |
| | C) | toured the country preaching in the most prominent churches in each city. |
| | D) | used advertisers and public relations experts to publicize his message. |
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20 | |
Which of the following was NOT one of the principal figures along with Wilson in the Versailles negotiations? |
| | A) | Lloyd George |
| | B) | Bernard Baruch |
| | C) | Vittorio Orlando |
| | D) | Georges Clemenceau |
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21 | |
Which of the following was NOT included in Wilson's Fourteen Points? |
| | A) | freedom of the seas |
| | B) | reduction in armaments |
| | C) | reparations from those guilty of starting the war |
| | D) | removal of economic barriers to trade between nations |
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22 | |
Which of the following nations was not represented at the Paris Peace Conference? |
| | A) | France |
| | B) | Italy |
| | C) | Britain |
| | D) | Russia |
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23 | |
In the Senate debate on ratification of the Treaty of Versailles, the so-called irreconcilables were those who were adamantly opposed to: |
| | A) | isolationism. |
| | B) | United States membership in the League of Nations. |
| | C) | interjecting partisan politics into foreign relations. |
| | D) | any modification of the treaty as it was originally drafted. |
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24 | |
Both the Palmer Raids and the Sacco and Vanzetti case may be cited as evidence in the aftermath of World War I of the depth of feeling in America against: |
| | A) | radicalism. |
| | B) | German-Americans. |
| | C) | Italian-Americans. |
| | D) | internationalism. |
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25 | |
In the first few years after World War I, relations between blacks and whites in America were generally characterized by: |
| | A) | grudging acceptance due to common economic distress. |
| | B) | extreme resentment, race riots, and numerous lynchings. |
| | C) | relative cordiality due to the blacks' gallant service in the war. |
| | D) | notable improvement due to new legal safeguards for blacks, which had been enacted during the progressive period. |
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