Chapter Outline

I. The New Learning

1. The Founding of Humanism
2. Humanism in the Fifteenth Century
3. The Florentine Neoplatonists
4. The Heritage of the New Learning

II. Art and Artists in the Italian Renaissance

1. Three Friends
2. The High Renaissance
3. Status and Perception

III. The Culture of the North

1. Chivalry and Decay
2. Contemporary Views of Northern Society
3. Art and Music

IV. Scholastic Philosophy, Religious Thought, and Piety

1. The "Modern Way"
2. Social and Scientific Thought

V. The State of Christendom

1. The Church
2. The Revival of the Papacy
3. Styles of Piety
4. Movements of Doctrinal Reform