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The Western Experience, 8/e

Mortimer Chambers, University of California - Los Angeles
Barbara Hanawalt, Ohio State University
Theodore Rabb, Princeton University
Isser Woloch, Columbia University
Raymond Grew, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor

Economic Expansion and a New Politics

Multiple Choice


1	All of the following were true of Europe's population growth in the sixteenth century EXCEPT
		A)	the overall population increased by approximately 50%.
		B)	cities grew faster than the overall population.
		C)	it made wheat five times more expensive.
		D)	it caused the decline of the wool trade as pastures became cropland.


2	Europe's economic expansion was fueled by all of the following EXCEPT
		A)	increased demand because of the increased population.
		B)	government's stabilizing influence on the financial markets.
		C)	huge imports of silver from America.
		D)	increasing focus on accumulation of capital for its own sake.


3	Which of the following business concepts originated during this period?
		A)	the business firm as an entity independent of its owner.
		B)	payment of debts through notes rather than coin.
		C)	the role of banks as repositories of savings and sources of loans.
		D)	taking of great risks in hopes of great gains and reinvesting profits.


4	During the sixteenth century, all of the following followed from the commercial revolution EXCEPT
		A)	large numbers of peasants lost their land and became beggars.
		B)	destitute vagrants floated across the countryside and filled the towns.
		C)	private charity was rapidly mobilized and proved sufficient to solve the problem.
		D)	widespread poverty, crime, and disorder became chronic features of town and country life.


5	The most widely shared motivation behind the voyages of exploration and conquest was
		A)	the desire to spread Christianity.
		B)	the lure of riches.
		C)	the desire to explore the unknown.
		D)	the hope of finding a lost Christian land.


6	The Portuguese empire was all of the following EXCEPT
		A)	based on carrying goods by sea around Africa between Europe and the civilizations of the Indian Ocean.
		B)	created and sustained by the superior fighting power of Portugal's cannon-armed ships.
		C)	made up of small enclaves along the coasts in Africa and the Indian Ocean basin.
		D)	welcomed by the South Asians as a new source of wealth that would benefit everyone.


7	The Spanish empire was all of the following EXCEPT
		A)	based on extracting wealth by slave labor from America and shipping it to Europe.
		B)	created and sustained by the Europeans' military superiority, ruthless ambition, and greater sophistication.
		C)	made up of extensive territories on both the North and South American continents.
		D)	established almost bloodlessly and maintained with minimal disruption of the Native Americans' lives.


8	The Europeans needed to bring Black African slaves to America because
		A)	there were very few Native Americans to begin with.
		B)	Africans were more docile workers than the Native Americans.
		C)	the Europeans massacred most of the Native Americans when conquering them.
		D)	millions of Native Americans died from disease and mistreatment after they were conquered.


9	Exploration and colonization brought all of the following benefits to Europe EXCEPT
		A)	the Portuguese got the profits from trade between Europe and the East that had gone mainly to Muslims.
		B)	the Spanish financed a century of predominance in Europe largely with American silver.
		C)	the rest of Europe enjoyed plentiful currency, which facilitated economic growth.
		D)	economic expansion alleviated the poverty of Europe's lower classes.


10	The most important "new" monarchs were rulers of all of the following EXCEPT
		A)	Italy.
		B)	England.
		C)	France.
		D)	Spain.


11	Henry VII and Henry VIII were similar in their
		A)	greater interest in domestic than foreign affairs
		B)	flamboyant, expansive personalities.
		C)	desire to reform religion.
		D)	inability to manage the affairs of the government.


12	At the end of the Hundred Years' War, the key to the French monarchy's power was its
		A)	control over tax rates.
		B)	standing army.
		C)	streamlined administration.
		D)	control over outlying provinces.


13	Louis XI's most notable achievement was
		A)	the destruction of Burgundy.
		B)	the invasion of Italy.
		C)	getting control of major Church appointments.
		D)	curbing expenditures on the army.


14	Which of the following Valois kings accomplished the most during his reign?
		A)	Charles VIII.
		B)	Louis XII.
		C)	Francis I.
		D)	Henri II.


15	Ferdinand and Isabella followed all of the following policies while uniting Spain EXCEPT
		A)	reducing the role of great nobles while recruiting the hidalgos, or lesser nobility, into their administration.
		B)	gaining control of appointments to high Church offices in territory taken from the Muslims.
		C)	using viceroys to create a uniform administration in all parts of the realm.
		D)	persecuting Jews and converted Muslims in order to gain popularity and authority.


16	The Holy Roman Emperor Charles V also ruled all of the following territories EXCEPT
		A)	Spain and its American empire.
		B)	much of Italy.
		C)	Sicily, Sardinia, and western Hungary.
		D)	France and England.


17	The main locus of power in the Holy Roman Empire was
		A)	the Emperor's court.
		B)	the Imperial Diet.
		C)	the princes.
		D)	the Imperial cities.


18	The nobles of Hungary did all of the following EXCEPT
		A)	refuse to finance the monarchy's standing army.
		B)	impose serfdom on the peasants.
		C)	give up their German lands to gain Habsburg support.
		D)	support the Ottoman Empire.


19	The Italian wars highlighted
		A)	the effectiveness of balance of power diplomacy.
		B)	the weakness of city-states relative to national states.
		C)	the Italians' military as well as economic and cultural superiority.
		D)	the flaws in the republican governments of Venice and Florence.


20	The essential innovation of Italian diplomacy was
		A)	the formal protocol of international relations.
		B)	the political analysis.
		C)	the resident ambassador.
		D)	diplomatic immunities.


21	Machiavelli's essential innovation was to focus on
		A)	the reasons why power does or should exist.
		B)	the practicalities of how power works.
		C)	the relationship of power to other practical activities like cooking.
		D)	the moral issues raised by the use of power.

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