Student Center | Instructor Center | Information Center | Home

The Western Experience, 8/e

Mortimer Chambers, University of California - Los Angeles
Barbara Hanawalt, Ohio State University
Theodore Rabb, Princeton University
Isser Woloch, Columbia University
Raymond Grew, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor

World War I and the War it Created

Multiple Choice


1	The "Bismarckian system" of the 1870s and 1880s involved all of the following EXCEPT
		A)	secret pacts pledging mutual defense or neutrality in case of attack by another power.
		B)	diplomatic maneuvers to keep France isolated to avoid the threat of its revenge over Alsace-Lorraine.
		C)	the careful but ruthless use of warfare to gain national ends against diplomatically isolated enemies.
		D)	maintaining peace among the European powers by allowing them balanced gains outside Europe.


2	After Bismarck's dismissal, his successors' perpetuated his system but failed to
		A)	maintain secret defensive pacts.
		B)	keep France isolated.
		C)	use the threat of war.
		D)	keep a balance in overseas gains.


3	The chief cause of Germany's diplomatic failure was
		A)	its abrasive manner and aggressive policies.
		B)	its repeated betrayal of its allies.
		C)	the cunning of its enemies and perfidy of its allies.
		D)	its inability to back its words with power.


4	The reason that England moved into the anti-German camp was it felt threatened by
		A)	Germany's colonial gains.
		B)	the German navy.
		C)	German's huge army.
		D)	Germany's economic competition.


5	World War I started when all of the following came to a head EXCEPT
		A)	Austria-Hungary's rivalry with Russia in the Balkans.
		B)	France's desire to get revenge against Germany for 1870.
		C)	Britain's long-standing commitment to Belgian neutrality.
		D)	Italy's colonial rivalry with France in North Africa.


6	The war did not go as expected because
		A)	armies moved with an unanticipated speed because of advances in technology.
		B)	it did not end quickly since technology favored the defense.
		C)	naval battles rather than battles on land proved to be the decisive factor.
		D)	the German army did not live up to the reputation it had gained in 1870.


7	With the repeated, costly failure of offensives designed to break through enemy lines, the Germans
		A)	went on the defensive, hoping to gain victory through the economic collapse of the Allies.
		B)	tried to negotiate, offering a peace based on the status quo at the beginning of the war.
		C)	tried attrition, trading German lives for Allied lives until, they hoped, the Allies would give up.
		D)	appealed to the Americans, hoping they would attack the Allies from behind.


8	In contrast to the stalemate on the Western front, the Eastern front saw sweeping movements of armies that
		A)	gradually wore Germany down.
		B)	ended up at the same point they began.
		C)	forced Austria-Hungary out of the war.
		D)	eventually brought the collapse of Russia.


9	Deaths in different campaigns included all of the following EXCEPT
		A)	25,000 Frenchmen and 20,000 Germans in the Battle of the Marne in September 1914.
		B)	Over 300,000 Frenchmen and almost 300,000 Germans at Verdun from February to July 1916.
		C)	More than 300,000 on each side during the Battle of the Somme from July to November 1916.
		D)	More than 1,000,000 Russians in Brusilov's offensive during 1916.


10	The war at sea
		A)	played no significant role in the war.
		B)	was decided by the clash of the British and German fleets at Jutland.
		C)	was important for the economic effects of Britain's blockade and Germany's U-boat campaign.
		D)	was important mainly because Britain was able to launch amphibious attacks on the German flanks.


11	The British, French, and Germans mobilized themselves for protracted war by all of the following EXCEPT
		A)	taking control of the economy to maximize production for the war effort.
		B)	suppressing domestic dissent.
		C)	drawing women into traditionally male jobs to replace men conscripted into the army.
		D)	abolishing social distinctions in order to promote social cohesion.


12	With the collapse of the Russian autocracy and the entry of the United States, the Allies styled the war as
		A)	the West against the East.
		B)	democracy against monarchy.
		C)	capitalism versus communism.
		D)	a struggle against German dictatorship.


13	During 1918 all of the following occurred EXCEPT
		A)	the communist government in Russia made a separate peace with Germany.
		B)	Germany launched a desperate offensive in the West that brought it substantial gains.
		C)	the Western Allies held and, reinforced by fresh American troops, began to throw the Germans back.
		D)	the German Emperor realized that the war was lost and concluded a humiliating peace with the Allies.


14	The First World War had all of the following effects EXCEPT
		A)	it caused widespread and profound psychological disillusionment, social instability, and political turmoil.
		B)	it transformed Europe from creditor to debtor status.
		C)	it killed between 10,000,000 and 13,000,000 people, including about 4,000,000 civilians.
		D)	it increased the status of the aristocracy and middle class relative to the workers and peasantry.


15	The war destroyed all of the following empires EXCEPT
		A)	the Austro-Hungarian.
		B)	the Ottoman.
		C)	the German.
		D)	the British.


16	The Treaty of Versailles imposed all of the following on Germany EXCEPT
		A)	territorial losses in the West, the East, and overseas.
		B)	heavy reparations.
		C)	complete disarmament.
		D)	responsibility for the war.


17	Which of the following was NOT a consideration in drawing the new borders in Eastern Europe?
		A)	Allegiances during the war.
		B)	The will of the people.
		C)	The principle of legitimacy.
		D)	Security interests.


18	The new German republic faced all of the following problems EXCEPT
		A)	the leftist "Spartacist" uprising in 1919.
		B)	hyper-inflation.
		C)	rightist paramilitary activity.
		D)	war with Poland and Hungary.


19	Economic recovery and assimilation of social changes led to stable democracy in all of the following EXCEPT
		A)	France and Britain.
		B)	Scandinavia and the Low Countries.
		C)	Italy, Greece, and Hungary.
		D)	Germany and Czechoslovakia.


20	All of the following were effective in reducing the sources of international tensions during the 1920s EXCEPT
		A)	the Dawes Plan, which regularized Germany's reparations payments and arranged for American loans.
		B)	the Locarno Pact, which settled Germany's border with France.
		C)	the Kellogg-Briand pact, which renounced war "as an instrument of national policy."
		D)	the Washington Naval Conference, which limited the number of major warships in the worlds' navies.

2003 McGraw-Hill Higher Education
Any use is subject to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy.
McGraw-Hill Higher Education is one of the many fine businesses of The McGraw-Hill Companies.