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The Western Experience, 8/e

Mortimer Chambers, University of California - Los Angeles
Barbara Hanawalt, Ohio State University
Theodore Rabb, Princeton University
Isser Woloch, Columbia University
Raymond Grew, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor

The New Europe

Multiple Choice


1	All of the following contributed to the concept of European unity EXCEPT
		A)	Germany's success during World War II in integrating the areas under its rule in a unified empire.
		B)	Allied propaganda emphasizing the shared values of Western civilization during World War II.
		C)	the success of transnational programs in fostering the postwar economic recovery.
		D)	Cold War military alliances.


2	All of the following are strong examples of the progress of European integration EXCEPT
		A)	the formation of the Council of Europe in 1948.
		B)	the creation of the European Economic Community in 1957.
		C)	the expansion of the EC both in membership and in the scope of its activities.
		D)	the reaction to the Maastricht Treaty of 1992 transforming the EC into the European Union.


3	The strongest evidence of the European Union's continuing vitality is
		A)	the votes on acceptance of the Maastricht treaty.
		B)	the reaction of the members to the common currency.
		C)	the number of countries that are applying for membership.
		D)	its declaration of human rights.


4	All of the following contribute to Europe's continuing economic strength EXCEPT
		A)	its advanced transportation infrastructure.
		B)	its enthusiastic investments in technology.
		C)	the addition of the former East Bloc's manufacturing plant.
		D)	its high levels of schooling and strong educational programs.


5	Women's lives have changed in all the following ways EXCEPT
		A)	their participation in education almost equals men's.
		B)	their pay has come to be almost equal to men's.
		C)	labor unions have begun to champion their interests.
		D)	contraception and abortion are readily available.


6	The major socioeconomic challenges facing Europe include all of the following EXCEPT
		A)	maintaining the social welfare systems in the face of recession and endemic unemployment.
		B)	peacefully integrating the immigrants from less developed areas of the world.
		C)	stemming the outflow of technically skilled workers to the United States.
		D)	protecting the environment despite the cost to already hard-pressed economies.


7	The radicals in the late 1960s failed to spark widespread revolutions for all the following reasons EXCEPT
		A)	labor unions and the traditional left were suspicious of them.
		B)	liberals and conservatives were put off by their manners and tactics.
		C)	the voters repudiated them at the polls.
		D)	the security forces massacred them.


8	Women in the student movement turned to feminism because they became disillusioned by
		A)	the unequal treatment they got from male radicals.
		B)	violence of the radical fringe.
		C)	the hostility they faced from ordinary citizens.
		D)	the futility of the attempt to spark political revolution.


9	European terrorists used all of the following tactics EXCEPT
		A)	kidnapping.
		B)	assassination.
		C)	poison gas.
		D)	bombings.


10	The European recession was caused by all of the following EXCEPT
		A)	radical sabotage.
		B)	the energy crisis.
		C)	inflation.
		D)	economic stagnation.


11	The Soviet Union's failure to keep up economically was evidenced by all of the following EXCEPT
		A)	its lagging agricultural productivity.
		B)	its failure to develop high tech industries.
		C)	the performance of its heavy industry.
		D)	its weakness in providing services.


12	Gorbachev's reform efforts focused on all of the following EXCEPT
		A)	perestroika, or political and economic restructuring.
		B)	glasnost, or openness in public discussion and debate.
		C)	the unstated but subtle dismantling of communist party influence over the country.
		D)	reduction of international tensions in order to free up resources from the military.


13	The major challenge to Gorbachev's reforms came from
		A)	disgruntled party members.
		B)	the rise of nationalism.
		C)	traditional dissidents.
		D)	the re-emergence of class conflict.


14	Communist governments fell in Eastern Europe because of all of the following EXCEPT
		A)	they were unable to solve chronic economic problems.
		B)	NATO threatened war if the Soviets moved against reformers.
		C)	Gorbachev declined to intervene to prop them up.
		D)	the reform movements commanded widespread support.


15	Boris Yeltsin replaced Gorbachev as the commanding figure when
		A)	he took the initiative to intervene on behalf of communist regimes in Eastern Europe.
		B)	he stood up to the old-line Communists who tried to stage a coup while Gorbachev was away.
		C)	he led a coup that seized power from Gorbachev and took over the Soviet government himself.
		D)	Gorbachev was killed in the abortive coup by radical reformers, who Yeltsin then suppressed.


16	The Soviet Union ceased to exist when
		A)	the Baltic Republics broke away.
		B)	the leaders of Russia, Ukraine, Belarus, and Kazakhstan said so.
		C)	Boris Yeltsin suppressed the Communist-dominated parliament.
		D)	the army refused to intervene in breakaway republics.


17	The end of the Cold War brought all of the following changes EXCEPT
		A)	the return of Moldova to Romania.
		B)	the reunification of Germany.
		C)	the bloody disintegration of Yugoslavia.
		D)	the separation of the Czech Republic and Slovakia.


18	The disintegration of Yugoslavia included all of the following EXCEPT
		A)	the secession of Croatia, Slovenia, Macedonia, and Bosnia-Herzegovina.
		B)	a brutal civil war in Bosnia between ethnic Serbs and Muslims.
		C)	the separation of the Czech Republic and Slovakia.
		D)	a secessionist movement in Kosovo that led to a massive air campaign against Serbia by NATO.


19	Europe's response to the violence accompanying the disintegration of Yugoslavia can best be characterized as
		A)	vigorous.
		B)	ineffectual.
		C)	principled.
		D)	reckless.


20	Europe's cultural renewal included all of the following EXCEPT
		A)	existentialism, which said that even without moral certainty, a person can still choose to live a moral life.
		B)	Vatican II, which modernized Church ritual and beliefs.
		C)	the revival of classical literary forms in an attempt to reach back to the roots of European culture.
		D)	artistic movements that picked up and carried forward earlier modernist themes and techniques.


21	Popular culture showed all of the following EXCEPT
		A)	the strong influence of America.
		B)	a strong orientation toward youth.
		C)	a surprising dedication to austerity and form.
		D)	a desire to experiment and a readiness to shock.


22	Contemporary social thought has come to focus on
		A)	the purposes of the biases that structure thought itself.
		B)	the delineation of the external forces that determine human fate.
		C)	a recognition of the ultimate futility of intellectual endeavor.
		D)	a renewed commitment to the core values of Western Civilization.

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