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1 | |
Which of the following is characterized by an awareness that drifts from one thought to another? |
| | A) | directed consciousness |
| | B) | flowing consciousness |
| | C) | daydreaming |
| | D) | all of the above |
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2 | |
According to Freud, which state of consciousness helps to reduce the tension of unmet needs and wishes? |
| | A) | directed consciousness |
| | B) | divided consciousness |
| | C) | daydreaming |
| | D) | flowing consciousness |
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3 | |
Driving long distances while thinking about other events is an example of |
| | A) | REM sleep |
| | B) | the unconscious mind |
| | C) | myoclonia |
| | D) | divided consciousness |
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4 | |
The ability to focus on one voice and tune out other voices has been labeled |
| | A) | the cocktail party phenomenon |
| | B) | divided consciousness |
| | C) | in a hypnagogic state |
| | D) | depersonalization |
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5 | |
According to researchers, voices that we "tune out" may nevertheless be processed |
| | A) | consciously |
| | B) | unconsciously |
| | C) | in a hypnagogic state |
| | D) | in a state of flowing consciousness |
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6 | |
Myoclonia is experienced in which stage of sleep? |
| | A) | hypnagogic stage |
| | B) | light sleep |
| | C) | deep sleep |
| | D) | REM sleep |
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7 | |
How many hours per night does the average college student spend dreaming? |
| | A) | 1 |
| | B) | 2 |
| | C) | 4 |
| | D) | 6 |
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8 | |
Which of the following may occur during REM sleep? |
| | A) | movement of the eyes |
| | B) | increased blood flow to the brain |
| | C) | irregular breathing |
| | D) | all of the above |
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9 | |
The difference between REM and non-REM dreams is that |
| | A) | non-REM dreams have more imagery |
| | B) | REM dreams are less frequent |
| | C) | on-REM dreams have bizarre content |
| | D) | non-REM dreams are closer to normal thinking |
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10 | |
According to Freud, the symbolic meaning of dreams is called the |
| | A) | manifest content |
| | B) | latent content |
| | C) | hypnagogic content |
| | D) | reality content |
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11 | |
The important missing element when we do not get enough sleep appears to be |
| | A) | the hypnagogic stage |
| | B) | light sleep |
| | C) | REM sleep |
| | D) | all of the above |
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12 | |
According to sleep researcher Hobson, the purpose of sleep and dreaming is to |
| | A) | keep us from functioning during nighttime hours, for which we are ill-prepared |
| | B) | allow the sleep-inhibiting system a chance to rest |
| | C) | allow the sleep-promoting areas a chance to rest |
| | D) | b and c above |
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13 | |
All of the following characterize altered states of consciousness except |
| | A) | distortions of reality |
| | B) | intense positive emotions |
| | C) | self-evident reality |
| | D) | logical experiences |
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14 | |
When a person becomes hypnotized, he or she |
| | A) | focuses his or her attention on the hypnotist’s voice. |
| | B) | stops receiving external stimuli. |
| | C) | lets his or her attention drift aimlessly from thought to thought. |
| | D) | is fully aware that he or she is being hypnotized. |
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15 | |
One of the most tangible and scientifically accepted benefits to come from research into hypnosis in the past thirty years is |
| | A) | improved memory recall |
| | B) | the relief of pain for patients |
| | C) | regression therapy |
| | D) | criminal-mind reprogramming |
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16 | |
Which of the following is not a characteristic of the hypnotic experience? |
| | A) | hypnotic hallucinations |
| | B) | hypnotic analgesia |
| | C) | hypnotic control |
| | D) | hypnotic repression |
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17 | |
This is one of the most serious indirect side effects of drug use. |
| | A) | physical damage (as in liver damage caused by alcohol) |
| | B) | psychological addiction |
| | C) | increased risk of infection with hepatitis or HIV |
| | D) | withdrawal symptoms |
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18 | |
According to surveys conducted in the U.S., the people most likely NOT to abuse drugs are |
| | A) | low-income white men |
| | B) | high-income white women |
| | C) | low-income African-American men |
| | D) | high-income African-American women |
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19 | |
An individual's response to a drug can be affected by |
| | A) | dose and purity of the drug |
| | B) | the individual's personal characteristics |
| | C) | the social situation |
| | D) | all of the above |
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20 | |
Richard finds that he feels comfortable psychologically only when he can smoke marijuana daily. He shows evidence of |
| | A) | drug abuse |
| | B) | psychological dependence |
| | C) | physiological addiction |
| | D) | severe emotional problems |
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21 | |
Painful withdrawal symptoms and increased tolerance for larger and larger doses of a drug are characteristic of |
| | A) | marijuana abuse |
| | B) | cocaine abuse |
| | C) | psychological addiction |
| | D) | physiological addiction |
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22 | |
Each of the following is a stimulant except |
| | A) | alcohol |
| | B) | caffeine |
| | C) | amphetamines |
| | D) | cocaine |
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23 | |
Each of the following activates the central nervous system except |
| | A) | stimulants |
| | B) | amphetamines |
| | C) | cocaine |
| | D) | opiates |
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24 | |
Which of the following is a withdrawal symptom of a cocaine addict? |
| | A) | chills |
| | B) | sweats |
| | C) | agitation |
| | D) | high blood pressure |
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25 | |
Each of the following is considered to be addictive except |
| | A) | sedatives |
| | B) | tranquilizers |
| | C) | narcotics |
| | D) | hallucinogens |
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26 | |
Each of the following is a potential side effect of prolonged marijuana use except |
| | A) | damage to the chromosomes of reproductive cells |
| | B) | reverse tolerance |
| | C) | a decrease in the efficiency of cognitive processing |
| | D) | a decrease in the action of male sex hormones |
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27 | |
Drugs such as MDA and MDMA (ecstasy) are considered to be |
| | A) | look-alike drugs |
| | B) | act-alike drugs |
| | C) | designer drugs |
| | D) | depressants |
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28 | |
According to research conducted in 1992, what percent of Americans ingest caffeine daily? |
| | A) | 55% |
| | B) | 75% |
| | C) | 85% |
| | D) | 90% |
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29 | |
Alcohol is considered to be |
| | A) | a depressant, because it frequently leaves drinkers feeling depressed |
| | B) | a stimulant, because it makes the drinker less inhibited |
| | C) | a depressant, because it depresses inhibitory mechanisms in the brain |
| | D) | both a stimulant and a depressant |
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30 | |
At what level of blood alcohol concentration (BAC) do your driving abilities become impaired? |
| | A) | .01 |
| | B) | .03 |
| | C) | .10 |
| | D) | .30 |
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2002 McGraw-Hill Higher Education