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1 | |
Two basic types of economic systems distinguish contemporary industrial societies: |
| | A) | capitalism and communism |
| | B) | capitalism and socialism |
| | C) | socialism and communism |
| | D) | capitalism and dictatorships |
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2 | |
Which one of the following is an economic system that is typically found in contemporary societies? |
| | A) | socialism |
| | B) | feudalism |
| | C) | slavery |
| | D) | all of the above |
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3 | |
The principle of laissez-faire was expounded and endorsed by the British economist: |
| | A) | John Maynard Keynes |
| | B) | Adam Smith |
| | C) | Paul Samuelson |
| | D) | Arthur Scargill |
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4 | |
Socialist theory was defined in the writings of Karl Marx and: |
| | A) | Émile Durkheim |
| | B) | Adam Smith |
| | C) | Friedrich Engels |
| | D) | the Marx Brothers |
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5 | |
Which sociological perspective points out that while pure monopolies are not a basic element of the economy of the United States, competition is much more restricted than one might expect in what is called a free enterprise system? |
| | A) | functionalist perspective |
| | B) | conflict perspective |
| | C) | interactionist perspective |
| | D) | labeling theory |
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6 | |
Which of the following can be classified as a charismatic leader? |
| | A) | Joan of Arc |
| | B) | Malcolm X |
| | C) | Adolf Hitler |
| | D) | all of the above |
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7 | |
There are three basic sources of power within any political system: |
| | A) | force, influence, and authority |
| | B) | force, influence, and democracy |
| | C) | force, legitimacy, and charisma |
| | D) | influence, charisma, and bureaucracy |
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8 | |
According to a national survey conducted in 1996, about what portion of the citizenry identify to some extent with the Democratic party? |
| | A) | less than one-fourth |
| | B) | nearly half |
| | C) | almost two-thirds |
| | D) | nearly three-fourths |
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9 | |
Which nation(s) has (have) witnessed a significant decline in voter turnout in recent elections? |
| | A) | Japan |
| | B) | Great Britain |
| | C) | the United States |
| | D) | all of the above |
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10 | |
While predictions are not always reliable, sociologists and labor specialists foresee a workforce increasingly composed of: |
| | A) | women |
| | B) | racial minorities |
| | C) | ethnic minorities |
| | D) | all of the above |
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11 | |
The systematic, widespread withdrawal of investment in basic aspects of productivity such as factories and plants is called: |
| | A) | deindustrialization |
| | B) | downsizing |
| | C) | postindustrialization |
| | D) | "banana time" |
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12 | |
According to the United States Department of Labor, about ______ percent of "downsized" employees find new jobs. |
| | A) | 75 |
| | B) | 14 |
| | C) | 19 |
| | D) | 28 |
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13 | |
In C. Wright Mills's power elite framework, which one of the following is not at the top of the power structure in the United States? |
| | A) | the corporate rich |
| | B) | leaders of the executive branch of government |
| | C) | heads of the military |
| | D) | members of the Supreme Court and legislative leaders |
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14 | |
By the year 2020, it is projected that less than 2 percent of the entire global labor force will be engaged in: |
| | A) | farming |
| | B) | service jobs |
| | C) | factory work |
| | D) | high-tech jobs |
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15 | |
In 1978, in the ____________ case, the United States Supreme Court ruled that it was unconstitutional to have fixed quota for minority students. |
| | A) | Brown |
| | B) | Bakke |
| | C) | Roe |
| | D) | Weber |
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2002 McGraw-Hill Higher Education