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1 | |
Sexual reproduction |
| | A) | requires internal fertilization. |
| | B) | does not require meiosis. |
| | C) | increases the genetic diversity within a population. |
| | D) | often occurs between individuals of different species. |
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2 | |
An animal that is oviparous reproduces by |
| | A) | giving birth to free-living young. |
| | B) | producing internally fertilized eggs that develop externally. |
| | C) | producing eggs that are fertilized externally. |
| | D) | incubating eggs internally while the fetus develops. |
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3 | |
The testicles of male mammals are suspended in the scrotum because |
| | A) | the optimum temperature for sperm production is less than the normal core body temperature of the organism. |
| | B) | the optimum temperature for sperm production is higher than the normal core body temperature of the organism. |
| | C) | there is not enough room in the pelvic area for the testicles to be housed internally. |
| | D) | it is easier for the body to expel sperm during ejaculation. |
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4 | |
Spermatogenesis is not directly affected by which hormones? |
| | A) | GnRH |
| | B) | inhibin |
| | C) | FSH |
| | D) | LH |
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5 | |
Eggs and sperm are genetically very similar, but structurally very different. Why is this so? |
| | A) | Both contain a haploid chromosome number, but eggs must provide nutrients for early development, while sperm must be able to move efficiently. |
| | B) | Both contain a diploid chromosome number, but eggs must provide nutrients for early development, while sperm must be able to move efficiently. |
| | C) | Both contain maternal chromosomes, but only sperm can control which chromosomes are passed on. |
| | D) | Both contain a haploid chromosome number, but only eggs can control which chromosomes are passed on. |
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6 | |
How would mammalian reproduction be affected if the meiotic strategy of spermatogenesis and oogenesis were reversed? |
| | A) | Not enough eggs would be made each month to ensure reproductive success. |
| | B) | Sperm production would decrease to one-fourth. |
| | C) | Eggs would be diploid while sperm would be haploid. |
| | D) | Sperm would be diploid while eggs would be haploid. |
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7 | |
Early in the ovarian cycle, estrogen, produced in the follicle, ______________ gonadotropin release, while later in the cycle, estrogen _______________ gonadotropin release because |
| | A) | inhibits; stimulates; feedback mechanisms are not involved early in the ovarian cycle. |
| | B) | stimulates; inhibits; feedback mechanisms are not involved early in the ovarian cycle. |
| | C) | inhibits; stimulates; the feedback mechanisms are dependent on the concentration of estrogen. |
| | D) | stimulates; inhibits; the feedback mechanisms are dependent on the concentration of estrogen. |
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8 | |
At what stage of the ovarian cycle are mammalian eggs most likely to become fertilized? |
| | A) | at the beginning of the proliferative phase |
| | B) | immediately after ovulation |
| | C) | during the middle of the secretory phase |
| | D) | during the menstrual phase |
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9 | |
If we could monitor the amount of total gonadotropin activity in pregnant women, we would expect |
| | A) | high levels of FSH and LH in the uterus to stimulate endometrial thickening. |
| | B) | high levels of circulating FSH and LH to stimulate implantation of the embryo. |
| | C) | high levels of hCG in the uterus to stimulate endometrial thickening. |
| | D) | high levels of circulating hCG to stimulate estrogen and progesterone synthesis. |
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10 | |
Which contraceptive method is effective at preventing fertilization and protecting against transmission of sexually transmitted disease? |
| | A) | oral contraceptives |
| | B) | diaphragm |
| | C) | condom |
| | D) | intrauterine device (IUD) |
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