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1 | |
The Onychophora... |
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| | A) | Share some characteristics with annelids and some with arthropods |
| | B) | Are called "water bears" |
| | C) | Have jointed legs |
| | D) | Have marine trochophore larvae |
| | E) | None of the above is correct |
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2 | |
Which of the following is NOT considered to be a lophotrochozoan phylum? |
|
| | A) | Sipuncula |
| | B) | Pogonophora |
| | C) | Ectoprocta |
| | D) | Tardigrada |
| | E) | Phoronida |
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3 | |
Which of the following is NOT considered to be an ecdysozoan phylum? |
|
| | A) | Brachiopoda |
| | B) | Chaetognatha |
| | C) | Onychophora |
| | D) | Pentastomida |
| | E) | Tardigrada |
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4 | |
Which of the following is NOT correct? |
|
| | A) | The Phylum Sipuncula consists of benthic marine worms, all of which are coelomate protostomes |
| | B) | Sipunculans are unsegmented and do not have setae |
| | C) | Sipunculans are recognizable by their slender, retractile introvert |
| | D) | Members of the Phylum Echiura consist of marine worms that burrow into mud or sand |
| | E) | The trochophore larva of echiurans is quite different from those of annelids and sipunculids. |
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5 | |
Which of the following is mismatched? |
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| | A) | Phylum Pogonophora—beardworms |
| | B) | Pogonophores—no mouth or digestive tract |
| | C) | Phylum Phoronida—wormlike marine forms living in secreted leathery or chitinous sand tubes |
| | D) | Phylum Ectoprocta—water bears living in freshwater |
| | E) | Ectoproctans—live in colonies, each member occupying a zoecium |
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6 | |
One type of ectoproctan zooid resembles a bird beak that snaps at small invading organisms that might foul the colony. |
|
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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7 | |
Ectoprocts reproduce asexually by budding, and one type of freshwater ectoproct has another type of budding that produces hard, resistant capsules containing a mass of germinative cells called… |
|
| | A) | Blastocysts |
| | B) | Statocysts |
| | C) | Statoblasts |
| | D) | Osteoblasts |
| | E) | None of the above is correct |
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8 | |
Which of the following is NOT true of the Phylum Brachiopoda? |
|
| | A) | Many thousands of fossil species indicate a much greater diversity than today's |
| | B) | Their name refers to the arms of the lophophore |
| | C) | Brachiopods have dorsal and ventral valves, instead of right and left lateral valves as do bivalve molluscs |
| | D) | Like bivalves, brachiopods are attached to the substrate by a pedicel |
| | E) | All of the above are correct |
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9 | |
Which of the following is mismatched? |
|
| | A) | Phylum Pentastomida—wormlike parasites called tongue worms |
| | B) | Phylum Onychophora—caterpillar-like velvet worms or walking worms |
| | C) | Aysheaia—famous fossil onychophoran from the Burgess shale deposits of 500 million years ago |
| | D) | Phylum Tardigrada—minute "water bears" |
| | E) | All of the above are correct |
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10 | |
Which of the following is NOT an external feature of the onychophorans? |
|
| | A) | Tubercles |
| | B) | Antennae |
| | C) | Chelicerae |
| | D) | Mandibles |
| | E) | Unjointed legs |
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11 | |
When disturbed by a predator, an onychophoran can eject from its slime glands two streams of a sticky substance that rapidly hardens. |
|
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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12 | |
Onychophorans are similar to insects in that they have a tracheal system that ramifies to all parts of the body and communicates with the outside by means of spiracles. |
|
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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13 | |
Unlike insects the onychophorans have a closed circulatory system. |
|
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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14 | |
The majority of onychophorans produce living young from eggs hatched inside the uterus. |
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| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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15 | |
Which of the following is NOT true about the tardigrades? |
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| | A) | They have an elongated, cylindrical body that is unsegmented |
| | B) | The trunk bears numerous pairs of short, stubby, jointed legs |
| | C) | They are covered by a nonchitinous cuticle that is periodically molted |
| | D) | Most of the body cavity is a hemocoel, with a true coelom restricted to the gonadal cavity |
| | E) | They can enter a stage of suspended animation called cryptobiosis during which the water content of the body is reduced from 85 percent to 3 percent |
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16 | |
Which of the following is true about the Phylum Chaetognatha? |
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| | A) | They are commonly known as pinworms |
| | B) | Their phylogenetic relationship to other groups is well known and understood |
| | C) | Chaetognaths are terrestrial carnivores |
| | D) | They have a complete digestive system and a well-developed coelom |
| | E) | They have no ganglia |
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17 | |
The early embryological development of Sipunculans, echiurans, and annelids is almost identical, showing a very close relationship among the three groups. |
|
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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18 | |
Recent discoveries of Cambrian fossil pentastomids and tardigrades and additional fossil onychophorans strongly suggest that these small phyla arose during the Cambrian explosion. |
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| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |