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1 | |
In mammals, the endocrine system communicates to the rest of the body by chemical messengers called secretins. |
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| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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2 | |
Endocrine glands are large, poorly-vascularized glands with ducts, and therefore opposite in characteristics to exocrine glands. |
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| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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3 | |
A hormone behaves as a first messenger that causes the activation of a second messenger in the... |
|
| | A) | Ectosol |
| | B) | Cytoplasm |
| | C) | Cytosol |
| | D) | All of the above are correct |
| | E) | None of the above is correct |
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4 | |
At least six different molecules have been identified as a second messenger; each works via a specific... |
|
| | A) | Steroid |
| | B) | Diacyglycerol |
| | C) | Calmodulin |
| | D) | Kinase |
| | E) | None of the above is correct |
|
5 | |
Production of most hormones is controlled by positive feedback mechanisms. |
|
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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6 | |
The anterior pituitary is derived from an outgrowth of the hypothalamus. |
|
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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7 | |
The connection of the hypothalamus to the neurohypophysis is the Infundibulum. |
|
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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8 | |
All hormones are... |
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| | A) | Peptides |
| | B) | Steroids |
| | C) | Low-level signals |
| | D) | High-level signals |
| | E) | None of the above is correct |
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9 | |
Membrane-bound receptors such as adenylate cyclase are associated with... |
|
| | A) | Cyclic AMP |
| | B) | Steroid hormones |
| | C) | Nuclear receptors |
| | D) | Direct effects on gene transcription |
| | E) | None of the above is correct |
|
10 | |
Invertebrate hormones are typically produced by: |
|
| | A) | Exocrine glands |
| | B) | Neurosecretory cells |
| | C) | The chrysalis |
| | D) | The Infundibulum |
| | E) | All of the above are correct |
|
11 | |
Molting and metamorphosis of insects are primarily under the control of ___________ produced respectively by the corpora allata and the prothoracic gland. |
|
| | A) | Ecdysone and juvenile hormone |
| | B) | Brain hormone and juvenile hormone |
| | C) | Ecdysone and brain hormone |
| | D) | Cuticular hormone and juvenile hormone |
| | E) | None of the above is correct |
|
12 | |
Another name for vasopressin is growth hormone, which more accurately describes the action of the hormone. |
|
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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13 | |
The hormone melatonin is implicated in circadian rhythms and gonadal activity. |
|
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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14 | |
Production of analogs of _________ may hold promise as insecticides because these analogs may prevent insect development. |
|
| | A) | MSH |
| | B) | Oxytocin |
| | C) | TSH |
| | D) | Juvenile hormone |
| | E) | Molting hormone |
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15 | |
Which of the following is not a tropic hormone? |
|
| | A) | Prolactin |
| | B) | ACTH |
| | C) | FSH |
| | D) | MSH |
| | E) | None of the above is correct |
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16 | |
Which hormone promotes egg production in females and sperm production in males? |
|
| | A) | TSH |
| | B) | Prolactin |
| | C) | LH |
| | D) | FSH |
| | E) | None of the above is correct |
|
17 | |
The brain neuropeptides are steroid molecules that act both as hormones and as neurotransmitters. |
|
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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18 | |
In animals that have an intermediate lobe of the pituitary, this lobe produces... |
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| | A) | Prolactin |
| | B) | ACTH |
| | C) | Melanophore-stimulating hormone |
| | D) | Melatonin |
| | E) | None of the above is correct |
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19 | |
The anterior pituitary is under strong influence by the... |
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| | A) | Thalamus |
| | B) | Hypothalamus |
| | C) | Pineal gland |
| | D) | Neurohypophysis |
| | E) | None of the above is correct |
|
20 | |
Which of the following are local hormones that act in a variety of ways, including affecting smooth muscle contraction? |
|
| | A) | Cytokines |
| | B) | Endorphins |
| | C) | Prostaglandins |
| | D) | Enkalphins |
| | E) | None of the above is correct |
|
21 | |
The brain neuropeptides are steroid molecules that act both as hormones and as neurotransmitters. |
|
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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22 | |
Which of the following is NOT produced by the thyroid gland? |
|
| | A) | Thyroxine |
| | B) | MSH |
| | C) | Triiodonthyronine |
| | D) | Calcitonin |
| | E) | All of the above are produced by the thyroid gland |
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23 | |
Which of the following hormones is NOT involved in calcium homeostasis? |
|
| | A) | Calcitonin |
| | B) | 1, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D |
| | C) | Parathyroid hormone |
| | D) | Thyroxine |
| | E) | None of the above is correct |
|
24 | |
Which of these concepts does not have to do with the thyroid gland? |
|
| | A) | Goiter |
| | B) | Cretinism |
| | C) | Frog metamorphosis |
| | D) | Insect molting |
| | E) | None of the above is correct |
|
25 | |
Endorphins and cholecystokinin bind with opiate receptors and influence the perception of pleasure and pain. |
|
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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26 | |
PTH stimulates osteoclasts to dissolve bone material. |
|
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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27 | |
Vitamin D can be obtained from your diet, but it may also be synthesized by your pineal gland. |
|
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
|
28 | |
Glucocorticoids are involved in promoting the inflammatory defenses of the body. |
|
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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29 | |
Glucocorticoids are involved in the... |
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| | A) | Synthesis of cholesterol |
| | B) | Synthesis of glucose |
| | C) | Homeostasis of calcium |
| | D) | Growth of the organism |
| | E) | All of the above are correct |
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30 | |
The mineralocorticoids, such as _______ are involved in the regulation of _________. |
|
| | A) | Aldosterone, calcium |
| | B) | Cortisol, calcium |
| | C) | Aldosterone, salts |
| | D) | Cortisol, salts |
| | E) | None of the above is correct |
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31 | |
The adrenal medulla produces two structurally similar hormones that have similar action as ... |
|
| | A) | Parasympathetic stimulation |
| | B) | Sympathetic stimulants |
| | C) | The glucocorticoids |
| | D) | The mineralcorticoids |
| | E) | None of the above is correct |
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32 | |
Which of the following terms is associated with the pancreas? |
|
| | A) | Islets of Langerhans |
| | B) | Cholecystokinin |
| | C) | Neurohypophysis |
| | D) | Infundibulum |
| | E) | None of the above is correct |
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33 | |
Diabetes is a disorder associated with the hormone |
|
| | A) | CCK |
| | B) | Insulin |
| | C) | Thyroxine |
| | D) | Growth hormone |
| | E) | All of the above are correct |
|
34 | |
Which of the following is NOT a hormone produced by the gastrointestinal tract? |
|
| | A) | Gastrin |
| | B) | CCK |
| | C) | Secretin |
| | D) | HCG |
| | E) | None of the above is correct |
|
35 | |
Compared to the nervous system, hormones typically have a slow response time and are long acting. |
|
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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36 | |
Peptide hormones have an indirect effect on protein synthesis. |
|
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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37 | |
The adrenal gland is both endocrine and exocrine in function. |
|
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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38 | |
Hormones produced by the pancreas, insulin and glucagon, have synergistic effects. |
|
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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39 | |
The pituitary gonadotropins are GnRH and progesterone. |
|
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
|
40 | |
Recent evidence suggests that lipid-soluble hormones, such as estrogen, may also possess membrane-bound receptors that activate second messenger systems in the same way as peptide hormones, providing multiple and complex control of target cells. |
|
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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41 | |
In ectothermic vertebrates the pineal complex contains glandular tissue and a photoreceptive sensory organ involved in pigmentation responses and in light-dark biological rhythms. |
|
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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42 | |
Which of the following is NOT correct? |
|
| | A) | The pineal gland produces the hormone melatonin |
| | B) | In nonmammalian vertebrates, the pineal gland is responsible for maintaining circadian rhythms |
| | C) | The primary circadian pacemaker in mammals is the suprachiasmatic nucleus |
| | D) | Temperature, not photoperiod, regulates the seasonal rhythm of birds and mammals |
| | E) | All of the above are correct |
|
43 | |
Growth hormone is not a particularly important metabolic hormone in young animals during growth and development. |
|
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
|
44 | |
Recent evidence suggests that leptin is more important during times of great food supply. |
|
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |