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1 | |
Aldo Leopold is most noted for his view that |
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| | A) | stopping exponential population growth is the most important long term need. |
| | B) | we must begin to see the land as a community to which we belong rather than as a commodity which we own. |
| | C) | modern agriculture, with its soil erosion and high chemical use, is unsustainable. |
| | D) | without private ownership of land, people will not be motivated to practice proper stewardship. |
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2 | |
Biomes are |
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| | A) | broad types of biological communities. |
| | B) | areas of roughly the same climate. |
| | C) | areas of similar soil and topography. |
| | D) | all of the above. |
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3 | |
The most important factor in determining the type of biome to develop in a given area of those listed is |
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| | A) | soil type. |
| | B) | amount of sunlight. |
| | C) | precipitation. |
| | D) | glaciation patterns. |
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4 | |
The desert biome develops in those areas |
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| | A) | with low precipitation and high temperatures. |
| | B) | with low precipitation and, depending on altitude, high or low temperatures. |
| | C) | in the center of large continents. |
| | D) | in association with mountain ranges. |
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5 | |
Grasslands typically lack trees because seedlings have difficulty surviving the |
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| | A) | low rainfall. |
| | B) | high temperatures. |
| | C) | frequent occurrence of fire. |
| | D) | more than one of the above. |
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6 | |
Tundra is most closely associated with |
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| | A) | extreme cold and much precipitation. |
| | B) | variable temperature and much precipitation. |
| | C) | extreme cold and very low precipitation. |
| | D) | variable temperature and very low precipitation. |
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7 | |
The boreal forest is |
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| | A) | dominated by coniferous trees. |
| | B) | located where soils are typically dry. |
| | C) | found in warm but not hot areas. |
| | D) | characterized by tolerating a wide variety of temperatures and precipitation. |
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8 | |
Warm dry summers, major presence of fire, scrub oaks, and dense thickets typify |
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| | A) | taiga. |
| | B) | boreal forest. |
| | C) | deciduous forest. |
| | D) | chaparral. |
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9 | |
Conifers are associated with all but |
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| | A) | boreal forest. |
| | B) | temperate rain forest. |
| | C) | taiga. |
| | D) | tundra. |
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10 | |
Aquatic and terrestrial life share a need for |
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| | A) | carbon dioxide for photosynthesis. |
| | B) | food and minerals for energy. |
| | C) | oxygen for cellular respiration. |
| | D) | all of the above. |
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11 | |
Aquatic ecosystems typically show changes in ________ with increased depth. |
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| | A) | light availability |
| | B) | oxygen availability |
| | C) | nutrient availability |
| | D) | all of the above |
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12 | |
The ___________ is the most productive region of aquatic ecosystems. |
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| | A) | benthic zone |
| | B) | littoral zone |
| | C) | thermocline |
| | D) | abyssal zone |
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13 | |
Estuaries are characterized as being |
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| | A) | highly productive. |
| | B) | home to a great variety of species. |
| | C) | important nurseries for many fish and other animal species. |
| | D) | all of the above. |
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14 | |
Important ecological services provided by wetlands include |
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| | A) | a reduction in flooding. |
| | B) | detoxification of substances dissolved in water. |
| | C) | replenishment of groundwater. |
| | D) | all of the above and more. |
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15 | |
Humans |
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| | A) | have damaged or disturbed over half the world's terrestrial ecosystems, at least to some extent. |
| | B) | and land disturbance have become the single greatest cause of species loss. |
| | C) | are estimated to have directly or indirectly, redirected 40 percent of terrestrial net productivity. |
| | D) | have produced all of the above impacts. |
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16 | |
The mangrove swamps of Ocean Shores |
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| | A) | sustain significant amounts of shrimp. |
| | B) | protect shorelines from erosion. |
| | C) | are extremely important nurseries for fishes. |
| | D) | are characterized by all of the above. |
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17 | |
The category of wetland that always contains trees is the |
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| | A) | marsh. |
| | B) | bog. |
| | C) | swamp. |
| | D) | fen. |
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18 | |
Coral reefs, among the most endangered communities of all, are being destroyed by |
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| | A) | destructive fishing practices. |
| | B) | removal for building purposes. |
| | C) | removal for use in aquariums. |
| | D) | all of the above. |
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19 | |
Unlike terrestrial communities, aquatic communities are rarely determined by the physical characteristics of the environment (other than the water itself). |
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| | A) | TRUE |
| | B) | FALSE |
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20 | |
Any ecosystem in which the land is submerged for at least part of the year and plants are adapted to saturated soils qualifies to be called a wetland. |
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| | A) | TRUE |
| | B) | FALSE |
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21 | |
The sharp boundary between a lake's warmer epilimnion and cooler hypolimnion is called the benthos. |
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| | A) | TRUE |
| | B) | FALSE |
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22 | |
Humans consume somewhat less than 10 percent of the primary productivity of earth's land surface. |
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| | A) | TRUE |
| | B) | FALSE |
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23 | |
The temperate broad-leaved forest has become the most supportive of human occupation of any major biome. |
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| | A) | TRUE |
| | B) | FALSE |
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24 | |
Aquatic communities are influenced by land practices in their watersheds. |
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| | A) | TRUE |
| | B) | FALSE |
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25 | |
Ecologically, barrier islands are not good places for development. |
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| | A) | TRUE |
| | B) | FALSE |
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26 | |
The microscopic life that floats freely in the water of lakes is known as plankton. |
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| | A) | TRUE |
| | B) | FALSE |