Please answer all questions

1		The chemical element (atom) found in all proteins, but not usually in fats or carbohydrates, is:
			A)	carbon.
			B)	nitrogen.
			C)	hydrogen.
			D)	oxygen.
2		An essential amino acid:
			A)	forms a complete protein.
			B)	is needed only by growing infants and children.
			C)	may prevent dermatitis.
			D)	cannot be synthesized by the body in sufficient amounts to meet the body's needs.
3		Peptide bonds are formed:
			A)	by excluding water molecules.
			B)	by excluding hydrogen atoms.
			C)	by making esters.
			D)	when developing tertiary structure.
4		The order of amino acids in a specific protein determines its:
			A)	energy content.
			B)	function in the body.
			C)	biological value.
			D)	ability to form glucose.
5		The denaturing of protein:
			A)	destroys its amino acid order.
			B)	happens in the stomach.
			C)	increases its enzymatic activity.
			D)	forms an emulsifier.
6		Insulin, and other medications that are protein in nature, cannot be administered orally because:
			A)	they will not be absorbed through the intestinal wall.
			B)	they will be digested and lose their biological activity.
			C)	they will activate the immune system.
			D)	they will diminish kidney function.
7		Proteins help regulate body pH by:
			A)	accepting and releasing free hydrogen ions.
			B)	accepting alkaline substances from the blood.
			C)	releasing acid-forming amino acids into the blood.
			D)	forming acids
8		A buffer helps:
			A)	emulsify fats.
			B)	maintain a constant pH in a solution.
			C)	speed chemical reactions.
			D)	protect against plaque build-up in the arteries.
9		Nutritional edema occurs when:
			A)	the serum protein concentration is increased.
			B)	the serum protein concentration is decreased.
			C)	the red cell number decreases.
			D)	there is a change in blood hemoglobin concentration.
10		Which of the following is definitely not a protein?
			A)	antibody
			B)	enzyme
			C)	tendon
			D)	glycogen
11		During pregnancy protein(nitrogen) balance should be:
			A)	negative.
			B)	in equilibrium.
			C)	positive.
12		The RDA for protein of a 60-kilogram (132-pound) woman is:
			A)	42 grams.
			B)	48 grams.
			C)	54 grams.
			D)	60 grams.
13		An adequate protein intake recommendation is ______________ of total energy intake.
			A)	5% to 10%
			B)	10% to 15%
			C)	15% to 20%
			D)	20% to 25%
14		Over an extended period of time, if dietary intake does not meet the body's protein needs for building and repair of tissues
			A)	skeletal muscle, heart muscle, and the liver decrease in size.
			B)	excessive body fluid begins to accumulate in the extracellular spaces.
			C)	the immune system fails to function properly.
			D)	all of the above.
15		If a person takes in more protein than the body needs, the excess protein will be:
			A)	excreted in the urine.
			B)	converted to fat energy and stored in adispose(fat cells).
			C)	used to provide energy for the body if needed.
			D)	B and C.
16		The need for protein is increased:
			A)	during weekend sports events.
			B)	when under stressful conditions.
			C)	during pregnancy and lactation.
			D)	whenever physical activity is increased.
17		Which of the following does NOT need to be taken into account when calculating protein requirements?
			A)	digestibility of protein.
			B)	quantity of energy in the diet.
			C)	tertiary structure.
			D)	biological value.
18		Biological value is essentially:
			A)	protein(nitrogen) utilization.
			B)	protein(nitrogen) absorption.
			C)	protein(nitrogen) balance.
			D)	a measure of protein(nitrogen) needs
19		The biological value of which food is the highest?
			A)	milk
			B)	meat
			C)	corn
			D)	egg whites
20		The chemical score of a food:
			A)	depends upon the most limiting essential amino acid in the food.
			B)	mostly depends upon the digestibility of the food.
			C)	measures the protein absorbed by a test animal.
			D)	is determined by the degree of rat growth.
21		Which is NOT true about kwashiorkor?
			A)	Protein needs are generally not met.
			B)	The child appears plump due to edema.
			C)	The child is at a high risk for infections.
			D)	The affected person is usually a very young infant.
22		In marasmus:
			A)	the child is often bottle-fed from birth.
			B)	protein needs are met.
			C)	muscle wasting is present, but it is hidden by edema.
			D)	preschool children, not infants, are typically affected.
23		Vegetarians who eat no animal products or nutrient-fortified products should supplement their diets with:
			A)	vitamin C.
			B)	magnesium.
			C)	vitamin A.
			D)	vitamin B-12.
24		Which of the following does NOT provide mixtures of amino acids that are well balanced for humans?
			A)	corn and refried beans
			B)	jell-O (gelatin)
			C)	eggs
			D)	macaroni and cheese
25		Incomplete proteins
			A)	do not follow the "all-or-none principle."
			B)	are characteristic of plant foods.
			C)	are characteristic of animal foods.
			D)	are characteristic of snack foods.