 |  Essentials of Athletic Training, 5/e Daniel Arnheim
William Prentice,
University of North Carolina
The Elbow, Forearm, Wrist, and Hand
Chapter Overview- The humeroradial and humeroulnar joints of the elbow allow the movements of flexion and extension, and the radioulnar joint allows forearm pronation and supination.
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Olecranon bursitis occurs from falling on the tip of the elbow.
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The ulnar collateral ligament is injured as a result of a valgus force from the repetitive trauma of overhead throwing.
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Medial epicondylitis is also called golfer's elbow, raquetball elbow, or pitcher's elbow and occurs because of repetitive forced flexion of the wrist.
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Lateral epicondylitis or tennis elbow occurs with repetitive wrist extension.
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Elbow dislocations result from elbow hyperextension from a fall on an extended arm, with the radius and ulna dislocating posteriorly. The degree of stability present determines the course of rehabilitation. If the elbow is stable, a brief period of immobilization is followed by rehabilitation.
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Fractures in the elbow may occur from a direct blow or from falling on an outstretched hand. They may be treated by casting or in some cases by surgical reduction and fixation.
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The forearm is composed of two bones, the ulna and the radius, and the flexors and extensors of the wrist. Sports injuries to the region commonly consist of contusions, chronic forearm splints, acute strains, and fractures.
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Injuries to the wrist usually occur as the result of a fall on an outstretched hand or repeated movements of flexion, extension, and/or rotation. Common injuries are sprains, tendonitis, carpal tunnel syndrome, lunate dislocation, scaphoid fracture, hamate fracture, and wrist ganglion.
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Injuries to the hand and fingers occur frequently in sports activities. Common injuries include boxer's fracture, mallet finger, boutonniere deformity, jersey finger, gamekeeper's thumb, sprains, dislocations and fractures of the phalanges, and subungual hematoma.
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2002 McGraw-Hill Higher Education