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Essentials of Athletic Training Cover Image
Essentials of Athletic Training, 5/e
Daniel Arnheim
William Prentice, University of North Carolina
Bloodborne Pathogens

Chapter Overview

  • Bloodborne pathogens are microorganisms that can potentially cause disease and are present in human blood and other bodily fluids, including semen, vaginal secretions, synovial fluid, and any other fluid contaminated with blood. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are bloodborne pathogens.
  • A vaccine is available to prevent HBV. Currently no effective vaccine exists for treating HIV.
  • An individual infected with HIV may develop acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), which is fatal.
  • The risks of contracting HBV or HIV may be minimized by avoiding exposure to blood and other bodily fluids and by practicing safe sex.
  • The risk of an athlete being exposed to bloodborne pathogens on the field is minimal. Off-the-field activities involving risky sexual behaviors pose the greatest threat for transmission.
  • Various national medical and sports organizations have established policies and procedures for dealing with bloodborne pathogens in the athletic population.
  • The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) has established rules and regulations that protect the health care employee.
  • Universal precautions must be taken to avoid bloodborne pathogen exposure. All sports programs must carry out a plan for counseling, education, volunteer testing, and the management of exposure.








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