Chapter Outline

Ancient Rome

1. Virgil's Aeneid 215
2. Ovid 217
3. Chronology of Roman Periods and Corresponding Works of Art and Architecture 216
4. Roman Building Materials 217

Architectural Types

1. Domestic Architecture 217
2. Arches, Domes, and Vaults 218
3. Pliny the Elder and Pliny the Younger 219
4. Nero's Golden House 221
5. Public Buildings 223
6. Julius Caesar 223
7. Religious Architecture 231
8. Sibyls 232
9. Commemorative Architecture 235
10. The Dacians 237
11. Josephus and the Jewish Wars 240

Sculptural Types

1. Sarcophagi 241
2. Portraits 242
3. Marcus Aurelius: Emperor and Philosopher 246

Mural Paintings

Cross-Cultural Trends

1. Faiyum Painting 254
2. Rome and Carthage 255
3. The Punic Gods 257

Window on the World Three

Developments in South Asia: The Indus Valley Civilization (to the 3rd century a.d.)

The Indus Valley Civilization (c. 2700-1750 b.c.)

The Vedic Period (c. 1759-322 b.c.)

1. The Early Vedas 263
2. The Upanishads 263
3. Buddha and Buddhism 264

Buddhist Architecture and Sculpture

1. The Maurya Period (c. 321-185 b.c.) 266
2. The Shunga Period (c. 186 b.c.-a.d. 30) 267
3. The Kushan Period (c. a.d. 78/143-3rd century) 270