(See related pages)
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African American Cultural History
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| http://www.si.edu/resource/faq/nmah/afroam.htm | ||
| Information on African American culture studies is available online at the Smithsonian Institute. For example, this page contains a good bibliography of African American life in the antebellum period. http://www.si.edu/resource/faq/nmah/before.htm There are also links to information for succeeding chapter topics on this page, such as the Harlem Renaissance. ( http://www.si.edu/resource/faq/nmah/afroam.htm ) | ||
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| http://www.loc.gov/exhibits/african/introduction.html | ||
| The African-American Mosaic: A Library of Congress Resource Guide for the Study of Black History and Culture covers nearly 500 years of the black experience in the Western hemisphere; the collections include books, periodicals, prints, photographs, music, film, and recorded sound. The western migration, one of the focus topics, was one of the ways jazz and its roots music spread across the country. This page from the site gives access to information on slave narratives. http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/aaohtml/aohome.html ( http://www.loc.gov/exhibits/african/introduction.html ) | ||
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African American Musicians
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| http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/award97/rpbhtml/aasmhome.html | ||
| James Reese Europe and Will Marion Cook are among the early musicians profiled in this detailed resource for information on African American sheet music. ( http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/award97/rpbhtml/aasmhome.html ) | ||
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| http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/award97/rpbhtml/aasmsprs3.html | ||
| Despite its overwhelmingly degrading portrayals of black Americans, minstrelsy was the most popular entertainment for about 70 years or more. This page offers specific information on artists and songs from the minstrel tradition. ( http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/award97/rpbhtml/aasmsprs3.html ) | ||
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| http://www.archeophone.com/product_info.php?products_id=74 | ||
| The painful legacy of minstrelsy, continually being redefined, contained a far broader spectrum of musical styles than most sources indicate. A 2005 CD issued of "Lost Sounds," by Archeophone, has heretofore unpublished performances from early African American Musical Theatre recorded during the late 19th century. ( http://www.archeophone.com/product_info.php?products_id=74 ) | ||
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Roots of Jazz
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| http://www.streetswing.com/histmain/z3cake1.htm | ||
| This site is abundant in information on the interrelationship of African American music and dance. The archives contain a number of descriptions of dances and include artwork from some of the early, very racist sheet music. This site is also helpful for information on swing (see Chapter 7) and other dances closely related to jazz. Besides "cakewalk," see also links to information on other dances, such as "walkaround," "pattin ' juba" and the famous "Jump Jim Crow." ( http://www.streetswing.com/histmain/z3cake1.htm ) | ||
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| http://www.pbs.org/jazz/exchange/exchange_minstrel.htm | ||
| PBS offers a very brief discussion of minstrelsy; the menu of topics from which this is taken includes links to Race Records and Dance and Jazz as well. See second URL below. http://www.pbs.org/jazz/exchange/ ( http://www.pbs.org/jazz/exchange/exchange_minstrel.htm ) | ||
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| http://www.cbmr.org/styles/ragtime.htm | ||
| Ragtime: This page on ragtime is a sample of the information available on the Center for Black Music Research at Colombia College in Chicago. Click on the musical styles link for other relevant genres. ( http://www.cbmr.org/styles/ragtime.htm ) | ||
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| http://www.jass.com/spirituals.html | ||
| Spirituals: This page provides a brief profile of one of the musicians associated with the African American spirituals, a vibrant pre-jazz musical genre. For another overview with links for more details see: http://www.worldbook.com/features/aamusic/html/spirituals.htm ( http://www.jass.com/spirituals.html ) | ||
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| http://www.apassion4jazz.net/timeline.html | ||
| For quick overviews and non-academic approaches to the broad category that is jazz and it roots, the following two sites are reasonably accurate. This page offers a short discussion of the influence on early jazz by African traditions by another jazz aficionado.http://i-way.co.uk/~rickpayne/jazzhist.htm ( http://www.apassion4jazz.net/timeline.html ) | ||
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| http://www.deltahaze.com/johnson/ | ||
| A site with information on bluesman Robert Johnson includes lyrics and photos. ( http://www.deltahaze.com/johnson/ ) | ||
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| http://xroads.virginia.edu/~MUSIC/rjhome.html | ||
| A site with information on bluesman Robert Johnson includes a more in depth examination of his lyrics as poetry: ( http://xroads.virginia.edu/~MUSIC/rjhome.html ) | ||
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| http://xroads.virginia.edu/~MUSIC/rjhome.html | ||
| Robert Johnson's page from the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. ( http://xroads.virginia.edu/~MUSIC/rjhome.html ) | ||
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| http://www.cr.nps.gov/delta/blues/people/bessie_smith.htm | ||
| Bessie Smith is one of the blues musicians profiled in this informative site. Return to the "beginning" link to access more of the site's pages, including the discussion of the "trail of the hellhound" being of two "schools" of blues, Delta and Memphis. ( http://www.cr.nps.gov/delta/blues/people/bessie_smith.htm ) | ||
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| http://www.scottjoplin.org/biography.htm | ||
| Scott Joplin gets the full treatment in this site sponsored by the Scott Joplin International Ragtime Foundation. The site has a number of related links for additional information on ragtime. ( http://www.scottjoplin.org/biography.htm ) | ||
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| http://www.pbs.org/theblues/ | ||
| Again, PBS is a reliable source for basic information jazz and roots music. Their project on the blues with famous film director Martin Scorsese was a multi-part film series that used a number of different professional directors. This site contains small Quicktime excerpts from the episodes and background material on the artists and filmmakers. This video series and its companion book is an important addition to the earlier, excellent video documentary, "The Blues Story." ( http://www.pbs.org/theblues/ ) | ||
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| http://www.cbmr.org/styles/blues.htm | ||
| Again, the Center for Black Music Research offers a reliable thumbnail definition of the blues. ( http://www.cbmr.org/styles/blues.htm ) | ||
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