Michael Faraday (1791-1867), an English chemist and physicist,
was probably the greatest experimentalist who ever lived. Born near London, Faraday realized his boyhood dream by working with
the great chemist Sir Humphry Davy at the Royal Institution, where he
worked for 54 years. He made several contributions in all areas of physical
science and coined such words as electrolysis, anode, and cathode. His
discovery of electromagnetic induction in 1831 was a major breakthrough
in engineering because it provided a way of generating electricity. The
electric motor and generator operate on this principle. The unit of capacitance,
the farad, was named in his honor. | (8.0K) |
Joseph Henry (1797-1878), an American physicist, discovered inductance
and constructed an electric motor. Born in Albany, New York, Henry graduated from Albany Academy and taught
philosophy at Princeton University from 1832 to 1846. He was the first
secretary of the Smithsonian Institution. He conducted several experiments
on electromagnetism and developed powerful electromagnets that could lift
objects weighing thousands of pounds. Interestingly, Joseph Henry discovered
electromagnetic induction before Faraday but failed to publish his findings.
The unit of inductance, the henry, was named after him. | (7.0K) |