Gravity gives the Universe its structure. It is a universal force that acts on all the objects in the Universe so that every particle is drawn toward every other particle by its pull. Gravity holds together astronomical bodies of all sizes, from the Earth to the Universe itself. But the role of gravity extends beyond giving structure to astronomical bodies. Gravity also controls their motions, holding the Earth in orbit around the Sun, the Sun in orbit around the Milky Way, and the Milky Way within the Local Group. Thus, gravity and motion are tightly connected in the Universe. This connection is the theme of this chapter.