This chapter discusses the four general types of political organization anthropologists use to make cross-cultural comparisons. Each type is presented in detail with particular attention given to the cultural correlates for each type.

Know the difference between nuclear and extended families. In addition, you should be able to distinguish between the family orientation and the family of procreation.

You need to be know the four basic types of political systems and the social and cultural features that are correlated with each type

You need to be familiar with the defining features of foraging bands, in particular how conflicts are resolved and the roles that the nuclear family and the band play.

You need to be familiar with the defining features of foraging tribes. In particular, you must be able to distinguish between the different kinds of tribal leaders.

You need to know the kinds of integrating forces that are found in tribes. Specifically, you must be familiar with pantribal sodalities and age grades.

You need to know the defining features of chiefdoms. In particular, you should be familiar with the political and economic systems that are found in chiefdoms. You must also know what social status in chiefdoms is based on and how this is different from social status in states.

You need to know the defining features of states.