Chapter 11 Multiple Choice Quiz

1		Longstanding research confirms the essential __________ of personality.
			A)	mutability
			B)	continuity
			C)	reliability
			D)	inexplicability
2		Assessments of personality based on personality inventories and the Q-sort method have been criticized on the basis of:
			A)	observer bias.
			B)	reliability.
			C)	their qualitative nature.
			D)	All of the above
3		Which of the following approaches to personality allows for the least amount of change in adulthood?
			A)	Stage models
			B)	Self-concept models
			C)	Trait models
			D)	Life-events approach
4		The results of the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging suggest that:
			A)	sampling bias is the primary cause of the apparent personality stability reported by other researchers.
			B)	as people grow older, they become more introspective.
			C)	the dimensions of neuroticism, extraversion, and openness to experience demonstrate considerable stability.
			D)	None of the above
5		Stage theorists would emphasize which of the following components of Costa and McCrae's generic model?
			A)	Basic tendencies
			B)	External influences
			C)	Self-concept
			D)	Basic processes
6		When personality development has been studied using cross-sequential methodology, changes in personality traits appear to be related to:
			A)	cohort effects.
			B)	time-of-measurement effects.
			C)	longitudinal change.
			D)	measurement error.
7		Self-concept models focus on what aspect of personality?
			A)	Emotional
			B)	Cognitive
			C)	Behavioral
			D)	Repressed motives
8		According to Erikson, successful resolution of the crisis of young adulthood results in the virtue of:
			A)	love.
			B)	intimacy.
			C)	beneficence.
			D)	generativity.
9		Generativity can be expressed by:
			A)	raising one's children.
			B)	teaching and mentoring the younger generation.
			C)	self-development.
			D)	All of the above
10		The midlife crisis is:
			A)	an universal aspect of personality development in middle age.
			B)	reported in middle- to upper-class samples, but not lower-class samples.
			C)	reported in samples of women, but not men.
			D)	best described as a midlife transition that may or may not be stressful.
11		Developmental transitions in Gusii society depend on:
			A)	biological age.
			B)	psychological age.
			C)	life events.
			D)	tribal consensus.
12		Gender stereotypes often become a part of:
			A)	society's gender roles.
			B)	an individual's gender identity.
			C)	an individual's expectations of a spouse.
			D)	All of the above
13		Individual awareness of what it means to be male or female is:
			A)	gender role.
			B)	gender identity.
			C)	gender stereotype.
			D)	gender acceptance.
14		Women in the Mills College Study frequently reported that from about age 36 to 46 they experienced a stage characterized by:
			A)	high achievement and high self-esteem.
			B)	achievement of independent identity.
			C)	unpleasant consequences of independence and assertiveness.
			D)	role overload.
15		Women in the Mills College Study reported the prime of life to be their:
			A)	30s.
			B)	40s.
			C)	50s.
			D)	60s.