McGraw-Hill OnlineMcGraw-Hill Higher EducationLearning Center
Student Center | Instructor Center | Information Center | Home
Careers in Adolescence
PowerWeb
Learning Goals
Multiple Choice Quiz
Key Terms
Flashcards
Crossword Puzzle
Taking It to the Net
Web Links
Scenarios
Feedback
Help Center


Adolescence 9/e Book Cover
Adolescence, 9/e
John W. Santrock, University of Texas, Dallas

Moral Development, Values, and Religion

Multiple Choice Quiz



1

The three major aspects of moral development include
A)stimulus, response, and consequences.
B)thought, feeling, and behaving.
C)individual, family, and society.
D)id, ego, and superego.
2

Jean Piaget indicates that the heteronomous thinker
A)believes that rules can be changed because they are merely conventions.
B)recognizes that punishment for wrongdoing is not inevitable.
C)judges the goodness of behavior by focusing on the consequences of the behavior.
D)is usually a child between the ages of 10 and 12.
3

_____ is the idea that, if a rule is broken, punishment will be meted out immediately.
A)Autonomous morality
B)Immanent justice
C)Response cost
D)Love withdrawal
4

Six stages of moral development were proposed by _____
A)Martin Hoffman.
B)Jean Piaget.
C)Sigmund Freud.
D)Lawrence Kohlberg.
5

Which of the following was NOT a criticism of Kohlberg's theory of moral development?
A)Placed too little emphasis on moral behavior.
B)The research was of poor quality.
C)Placed too much emphasis on the development of the Superego.
D)Did not fully consider cultural or gender variables.
6

Martin Hoffman indicates that going to high school is associated with a dramatic change in moral reasoning because
A)there is more opportunity for sexual exploitation.
B)parental supervision is nullified.
C)peer pressure to violate community standards is high.
D)discussions reveal the variety of moral beliefs.
7

Which of the following is NOT a social cognitive domain noted in the chapter?
A)Moral domain
B)Human domain
C)Social-conventional domain
D)Personal domain
8

_____ an unselfish interest in helping another person.
A)Forgiveness
B)Conscience
C)Induction
D)altruism
9

Lawrence Kohlberg argues that the distinctions between the three levels of moral reasoning have to do with
A)the degree of internalization.
B)the immediacy of the consequences for moral actions.
C)the severity of punishments experienced.
D)the social pressure of peers.
10

An adolescent at Kohlberg's conventional level of moral reasoning
A)obeys rules in order to meet his defined obligations.
B)obeys rules in order to avoid punishment.
C)will follow rules if they are in his immediate best interest.
D)has developed a social contract involving self-chosen ethical principles.
11

Who is most likely to join a cult?
A)Someone who is psychologically unstable
B)A person just recently released from prison
C)A normal, average person
D)Someone with strong religious beliefs
12

James Rest developed the Defining Issues Test because
A)there were no available measures of moral reasoning.
B)he found Piaget's tests too hard for adolescents.
C)Kohlberg's stories were too difficult to score.
D)he didn't know that several other tests were available.
13

There is general agreement that Lawrence Kohlberg's theory
A)is correct for adolescents, but not for adults.
B)confused autonomy with autonomous morality.
C)confused moral reasoning with moral behavior.
D)underestimates the importance of culture.
14

Carol Gilligan has criticized Kohlberg's theory for
A)overemphasizing people's connectedness and communication with other people.
B)emphasizing moral behavior and ignoring moral reasoning.
C)relying on a single method to assess individual's moral reasoning.
D)understanding the importance of interpersonal relationships in moral development.
15

Adolescents' moral performance is influenced by
A)skills.
B)awareness of moral rules.
C)cognitive-sensory processes.
D)motivation.
16

Which theory distinguishes between moral competence and moral performance?
A)Psychosocial
B)Moral development
C)Cognitive social learning
D)Behavioral moral reasoning
17

Psychoanalytic theorists say that guilt develops when a child
A)turns her hostility inward following the withdrawal of parental love.
B)harnesses the drives of the superego and maintains the world as a safe place.
C)becomes disillusioned with the moral and religious beliefs she acquired during childhood.
D)participates in the feelings of an adult with whom she has identified.
18

The part of the superego that enables us to feel proud when we do the right thing, even if no one else will know, is the
A)conscience.
B)ego ideal.
C)empathic aspect.
D)altruistic channel.
19

Martin Hoffman believes that parents promote the moral development of their children and adolescents through
A)love withdrawal.
B)power assertion.
C)induction.
D)altruism.
20

The failure to develop empathy, if not altruism, is associated with
A)excessive achievement orientation.
B)vulnerability to cults.
C)antisocial behaviors.
D)chronic depression.
21

If a person can experience another's feelings and respond in a similar way, this is called
A)pity.
B)empathy.
C)sympathy.
D)understanding.
22

Which of the following is an example of altruism?
A)Sharing possessions
B)Resisting temptation
C)Saying thank you
D)Not eating with your fingers
23

Which term is used when a person "releases the injurer from possible behavioral retaliation"?
A)Altruism
B)Empathy
C)Sympathy
D)Forgiveness
24

Schools are one of the settings in which moral development occurs. The moral climate of the school is called the
A)administrative morale.
B)Damon Comprehensive Approach.
C)hidden curriculum.
D)classroom conscience.
25

According to a poll, _____ percent of the adolescents said that they prayed.
A)10
B)35
C)50
D)75
26

An adolescent refused to attend church, telling his parents that he would believe what he wants to believe, not what they tell him to believe. This adolescent demonstrates
A)reflective faith.
B)individuating-reflective faith.
C)catastrophic conversion.
D)moral fundamentalism.