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What is sociobiology and what are its basic tenets? How do sociobiologists explain mate selection, courtship rituals, and the nuclear family? How do pair-bonds and attachments facilitate the survival of the species? What is “sexual selection,” and what two processes does it involve? |
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How have some evolutionary biologists explained rape? |
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How does evolutionary psychology differ from sociobiology? What is meant by “sexual strategies”? |
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What are the major criticisms made about evolutionary perspectives? |
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What major forces did Freud see as governing human life, and how did he describe the structure of the human personality? What are erogenous zones, and how do they relate to Freud’s theory of stages of psychosexual development? How were theOedipus complex, the Electra complex, castration anxiety, and penis envy relevant to Freud’s view of personality development? How did Freud see female personality development, and what criticisms of his view of women are typically made by feminists? What are the major shortcomings and contributions of Freud’s psychoanalytic theory? |
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What are the main principles of classical conditioning and operant conditioning, and how do they contribute to our understanding of human sexual behavior? What is “behavior modification,” and what are some examples of how it might be used with problematic sexual behaviors? What is “social learning theory,” and how does it explain gender identity? What is meant by “self-efficacy,” and how has it helped us to design health intervention programs? What explanations does social learning theory provide for the shift Sambia males make from exclusively homosexual expression to exclusively heterosexual expression (Focus 2.1)? |
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What are the basic assumptions of cognitive psychology? How does Bem’s gender schema theory explain gender-role development and the impact of gender on people’s daily lives and thinking? What research supports this view? What implications for stereotypes arise from gender schema theory? |
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What three basic assumptions do sociologists make in their approach to the study of sexuality? |
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What are the four levels of societal influences on human sexuality? What are examples of how the social institutions of religion, the economy, the family, medicine, and the law influence human sexuality? |
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How does the theory of “sexual scripts” explain sexual behavior? What research supports this theory? |
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How does Ira Reiss define sexuality, and how does he explain the universal importance of sexuality in societies? How does he see sexuality as being linked to the structures of society? |
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