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| 1 | |
Where does the adult spinal cord end? |
| | A) | immediately above the filum terminale |
| | B) | at the tip of the conus medullaris |
| | C) | usually at the level of vertebra L1 |
| | D) | all of the above |
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| 2 | |
Although extending from the end of the spinal cord, the ____________ contains no neural fibers, only fibrous connective tissue. |
| | A) | cervical enlargement |
| | B) | conus medullaris |
| | C) | filum terminale |
| | D) | cauda equina |
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| 3 | |
The posterior and anterior roots of the ____________ must elongate because the spinal cord stops growing before the vertebral column does. |
| | A) | cauda equina |
| | B) | thoracic spinal nerves |
| | C) | denticulate ligaments |
| | D) | all of the above |
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| 4 | |
Fibers of the ____________ intertwine on one side with those of another meninx, and on the other, with glial cells. |
| | A) | dura mater |
| | B) | arachnoid |
| | C) | pia mater |
| | D) | all of the above |
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| 5 | |
Which spinal meningeal layer is sandwiched between a potential space and a very significant space occupied by connective tissue fibers and cerebrospinal fluid? |
| | A) | pia mater |
| | B) | dura mater (periosteal layer) |
| | C) | dura mater (meningeal layer) |
| | D) | arachnoid |
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| 6 | |
Helping to prevent side-to-side and inferior movement of the spinal cord are paired ____________ that connect the pia mater to the dura mater. |
| | A) | fasciculi |
| | B) | denticulate ligaments |
| | C) | posterior rootlets |
| | D) | anterior rootlets |
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| 7 | |
The sensory nuclei of the spinal cord contain which type of neuron cell bodies? |
| | A) | sensory |
| | B) | bipolar |
| | C) | association |
| | D) | motor |
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| 8 | |
In the spinal cord, a ____________ is to a tract as a horn is to a nucleus. |
| | A) | fasciculus |
| | B) | funiculus |
| | C) | commissure |
| | D) | nerve |
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| 9 | |
Which structures would not be found in the anterior horns of the spinal cord? |
| | A) | motor nuclei |
| | B) | cell bodies of somatic motor neurons |
| | C) | cell bodies of autonomic motor neurons |
| | D) | glial cells |
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| 10 | |
The roots of the brachial plexus are actually |
| | A) | the posterior roots of spinal nerves |
| | B) | the anterior roots of spinal nerves |
| | C) | the posterior rami of spinal nerves |
| | D) | the anterior rami of spinal nerves |
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| 11 | |
Which branches of spinal nerves innervate the limbs and the anterolateral portions of the trunk? |
| | A) | rami communicantes |
| | B) | anterior rami |
| | C) | posterior rami |
| | D) | all of the above |
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| 12 | |
Of the following, which nerve ranges farthest from its roots in the cervical plexus and is most vital to your health? |
| | A) | supraclavicular |
| | B) | ansa cervicalis |
| | C) | phrenic |
| | D) | lesser occipital |
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| 13 | |
In a freak golfing accident, Jim damaged a nerve in his arm and now has trouble extending his forearm, wrist, and fingers. Which nerve did he damage? |
| | A) | radial |
| | B) | ulnar |
| | C) | axillary |
| | D) | median |
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| 14 | |
"Crutch palsy" and "drunkard's paralysis" both refer to conditions resulting from injury to the ____________ of the brachial plexus. |
| | A) | superior trunk |
| | B) | posterior cord |
| | C) | inferior trunk |
| | D) | lateral cord |
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| 15 | |
Which nerve is most likely to be injured by fractures or dislocations of the elbow (or by an extra hard hit to the "funny bone")? |
| | A) | radial |
| | B) | median |
| | C) | ulnar |
| | D) | axillary |
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| 16 | |
Damage to which nerve would likely cause the most severe dysfunction in both the urinary and reproductive systems? |
| | A) | fibular |
| | B) | ilioinguinal |
| | C) | genitofemoral |
| | D) | pudendal |
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| 17 | |
Bob had polio as a child and now drags his right leg slightly when he walks because of weakness in flexing his hip and extending his knee. In addition, his leg swings outward slightly with each step, and he has difficulty in crossing his right leg over his left. These all result from damage to which nerve? |
| | A) | sciatic |
| | B) | obturator |
| | C) | femoral |
| | D) | tibial |
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| 18 | |
Which branches of the lumbar plexus innervate muscles of the anterior abdominal wall? |
| | A) | iliohypogastric and ilioinguinal nerves |
| | B) | femoral and lateral femoral cutaneous nerves |
| | C) | genitofemoral and obturator nerves |
| | D) | all of the above |
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| 19 | |
Loss of sensation in a single dermatome on one side of the body could indicate damage to a spinal nerve or to |
| | A) | an anterior root |
| | B) | a posterior root ganglion |
| | C) | a major branch from a nerve plexus |
| | D) | any of the above |
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| 20 | |
Which terminal branch of the brachial plexus innervates the skin just distolateral to the acromion, as well as an abductor and a lateral rotator of the arm? |
| | A) | musculocutaneous nerve |
| | B) | median nerve |
| | C) | axillary nerve |
| | D) | radial nerve |
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| 21 | |
The patterns of ____________ innervation of each pair of spinal nerves, termed ____________, do not match the sensory distribution of any terminal nerve in the limbs because of recombinations in the plexuses. |
| | A) | visceral sensory; dermatomes |
| | B) | somatic sensory; dermatomes |
| | C) | autonomic motor; myotomes |
| | D) | somatic motor, myotomes |
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| 22 | |
If a reflex arc involves a single interneuron, it is classified as |
| | A) | ipsilateral |
| | B) | contralateral |
| | C) | polysynaptic |
| | D) | monosynaptic |
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| 23 | |
Clinically, a ____________ reflex accompanied by ____________ strongly indicates brain or spinal cord injury. |
| | A) | monosynaptic; paresthesia |
| | B) | hyperactive; clonus |
| | C) | withdrawal; pain |
| | D) | cremasteric; irritation |
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| 24 | |
In males, what reflex protects a testis from damage by elevating it when the medial side of the thigh is briskly stroked? |
| | A) | cremasteric |
| | B) | withdrawal |
| | C) | crossed-extensor |
| | D) | Golgi tendon |
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| 25 | |
Normal for infants but indicative of CNS damage in adults, the ____________ is essentially a reversal of the ____________ reflex. |
| | A) | stretch response; flexor |
| | B) | triceps reflex; biceps |
| | C) | Babinski sign; plantar |
| | D) | Achilles reflex; ankle |
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