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| 1 | |
Which of the following is closest to the average ratio of male to female gametes produced annually by a typical man and woman during their reproductive years? |
| | A) | 100,000 to 1 |
| | B) | 30 million to 1 |
| | C) | 100 million to 1 |
| | D) | 3 billion to 1 |
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| 2 | |
All of the following pairs are female and male homologues except the |
| | A) | ovaries and testes |
| | B) | vestibular glands and seminal vesicles |
| | C) | clitoris and glans of the penis |
| | D) | labia majora and scrotum |
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| 3 | |
Considering the relative positions of the vesicouterine pouch and surrounding structures, vesico- most likely refers to which one of the following? |
| | A) | anterior side of the uterus |
| | B) | the rectum |
| | C) | the urinary bladder |
| | D) | a peritoneal fold |
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| 4 | |
Which selection does not correctly match the ligament with the organ it supports? |
| | A) | round ligament, uterus |
| | B) | cardinal ligament, uterus |
| | C) | mesosalpinx, ovary |
| | D) | suspensory ligament, ovary |
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| 5 | |
The name of which ovarian structure reflects a misconception by early anatomists? |
| | A) | tunica albuginea |
| | B) | corpus luteum |
| | C) | corpus albicans |
| | D) | germinal epithelium |
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| 6 | |
At birth, a baby girl's ovaries contain |
| | A) | up to ten times as many primordial follicles as they will at puberty |
| | B) | well over a million primary oocytes arrested in prophase II of meiosis |
| | C) | mostly primordial follicles, but also a few primary and secondary follicles |
| | D) | both a and b are true |
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| 7 | |
Which type of cell may be housed in at least four different types of follicles? |
| | A) | oogonium |
| | B) | primary oocyte |
| | C) | secondary oocyte |
| | D) | ovum |
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| 8 | |
On average, how many mature ova does a healthy, nonpregnant woman produce each year between puberty and menopause? |
| | A) | 0 |
| | B) | 1 |
| | C) | 12 |
| | D) | 24 |
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| 9 | |
Which sequence correctly traces events and products of the ovarian cycle? |
| | A) | corpus luteum > ovulation > primary & secondary follicles > vesicular follicle |
| | B) | primary & secondary follicles > vesicular follicle > ovulation > corpus luteum |
| | C) | ovulation > primary follicles > corpus luteum > secondary & vesicular follicles |
| | D) | ovulation > primary & secondary follicles > corpus luteum > vesicular follicle |
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| 10 | |
The end of the ____________ phase of the ovarian cycle coincides with the end of the ____________ phase of the uterine cycle. |
| | A) | luteal; secretory |
| | B) | luteal; menstrual |
| | C) | follicular; proliferative |
| | D) | follicular; secretory |
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| 11 | |
Regardless of the specific cause, pain accompanying the loss of the endometrial stratum functionalis is known as |
| | A) | salpingitis |
| | B) | menorrhagia |
| | C) | dysmenorrhea |
| | D) | endometriosis |
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| 12 | |
FSH is to the ____________ phase of the ovarian cycle as ____________ is to the menstrual and proliferative phases of the uterine cycle. |
| | A) | follicular; progesterone |
| | B) | luteal; progesterone |
| | C) | luteal; estrogen |
| | D) | none of the above |
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| 13 | |
If fertilization and implantation both occur successfully, the corpus luteum |
| | A) | is no longer needed because of hormones produced by the pre-embryo |
| | B) | typically continues to secrete progesterone through the third month of pregnancy |
| | C) | transforms into a corpus albicans soon after the placenta is fully functional |
| | D) | both b and c are true |
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| 14 | |
Which one of the following correctly matches the hormone with its effects? |
| | A) | GnRH stimulates production of estrogen (female) or testosterone (male) |
| | B) | LH stimulates ovulation (female) or spermatogenesis (male) |
| | C) | FSH initiates and maintains development of accessory sex organs (both sexes) |
| | D) | estrogen stimulates oogenesis (female only) |
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| 15 | |
A drug that stimulates the pituitary to produce LH and FSH might be useful as a |
| | A) | female contraceptive |
| | B) | male contraceptive |
| | C) | contraceptive for either sex |
| | D) | fertility drug |
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| 16 | |
Which structure involved in maintaining the optimal temperature for sperm development is theoretically under voluntary control? |
| | A) | dartos muscle |
| | B) | cremaster muscle |
| | C) | tunica vaginalis |
| | D) | epididymis |
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| 17 | |
Tight junctions between ____________ form a barrier similar to that formed by astrocytes and continuous capillaries in the CNS. |
| | A) | spermatogonia |
| | B) | interstitial cells |
| | C) | sustentacular cells |
| | D) | Leydig cells |
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| 18 | |
Which of these cells are haploid? (1) spermatogonia (2) primary spermatocytes (3) secondary spermatocytes (4) spermatids (5) spermatozoa |
| | A) | 1, 2, and 3 |
| | B) | 2, 3, 4, and 5 |
| | C) | 3, 4, and 5 |
| | D) | 4 and 5 only |
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| 19 | |
After leaving the testes, spermatozoa pass sequentially through the |
| | A) | seminiferous tubule, rete testis, efferent ductule, and epididymis |
| | B) | epididymis, ductus deferens, seminal vesicle, and ejaculatory duct |
| | C) | membranous urethra, prostatic urethra, and spongy urethra |
| | D) | epididymis, ductus deferens, ejaculatory duct, and urethra |
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| 20 | |
Among the enzymes found in semen, ____________ secreted by the ____________ is an antibiotic that combats urinary tract infections in males. |
| | A) | PSA; prostate gland |
| | B) | seminalplasmin; prostate gland |
| | C) | prostaglandin; seminal vesicles |
| | D) | mucin; bulbourethral glands |
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| 21 | |
How would a radical prostatectomy alter a man's semen? |
| | A) | lower total volume and more alkaline |
| | B) | volume almost unchanged but more acidic |
| | C) | lower volume, same pH, but no viable sperm |
| | D) | no significant effect on volume or composition |
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| 22 | |
What is the most frequently reported bacterial STD in the United States? |
| | A) | gonorrhea |
| | B) | syphilis |
| | C) | chlamydia |
| | D) | genital herpes |
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| 23 | |
A male pseudohermaphrodite is an individual who |
| | A) | is virilized at birth, regardless of genetic sex |
| | B) | has two X chromosomes and masculinized genitalia |
| | C) | has a Y chromosome and female-like external genitalia |
| | D) | has both testes and ovaries but ambiguous external genitalia |
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| 24 | |
Of the two pairs of urogenital ducts present in the sexually indifferent embryo, in the ____________ only the ____________ ducts persist to form reproductive structures. |
| | A) | male; paramesonephric |
| | B) | female; paramesonephric |
| | C) | female; mesonephric |
| | D) | fetus; mesonephric |
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| 25 | |
In the male fetus, the testes are slowly "reeled" into the scrotum by the |
| | A) | cremasteric fascia |
| | B) | rete testis |
| | C) | dartos muscle |
| | D) | gubernaculum |
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