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1 | |
Historically, what are the three great races? |
| | A) | Caucasoid, Negroid, Chinoid |
| | B) | Caucasoid, Afroid, and Mongoloid |
| | C) | Caucasoid, Negroid, Ameroid |
| | D) | Caucasoid, Negroid, Mongoloid |
| | E) | Negroid, Mongoloid, and Gringoid |
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2 | |
Which of the following statement regarding the tripartite racial scheme of white, yellow, and black is not true? |
| | A) | The terms do not accurately describe skin color. |
| | B) | Many populations do not neatly fit into any one of the three racial categories. |
| | C) | The categories are based on arbitrary phenotypic traits. |
| | D) | Colonial empires created these categories to neatly separate Africans, Asians, and Native Americans from the white Europeans. |
| | E) | There are no problems with the tripartite racial scheme of white, yellow, and black. |
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3 | |
What is the definition of phenotype? |
| | A) | An organism's evident traits, its "manifest biology"-anatomy and physiology. |
| | B) | The genetic makeup of an organism |
| | C) | A geographically isolated subdivision of a species |
| | D) | A gradual shift in gene frequencies between neighboring populations |
| | E) | The rule assigning social identity on the basis of some aspect of a person's ancestry |
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4 | |
The San "bushmen" of the Kalahari Desert in southern Africa have been assigned to which of the three "great races"? |
| | A) | black |
| | B) | yellow |
| | C) | red |
| | D) | white |
| | E) | both "a" and "b" |
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5 | |
What is natural selection? |
| | A) | A gradual shift in gene frequencies between neighboring populations |
| | B) | The process by which nature chooses the forms most fit to reproduce and survive in a given environment |
| | C) | Long-term selection of the same trait or traits |
| | D) | Change in gene frequency within a breeding population |
| | E) | The process by which social identity is assigned on the basis of some aspect of a person's ancestry |
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6 | |
Which of the following statements about the advantages of dark-colored skin is true? |
| | A) | It protects against sunburn. |
| | B) | It protects against skin cancer. |
| | C) | It provides a selective advantage in the tropics where there is intense ultraviolet radiation. |
| | D) | In the tropics, it protects against the overproduction of vitamin D. |
| | E) | All of the above statements regarding the advantages of dark-colored skin are true. |
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7 | |
Which of the following statements about light-colored skin is not true? |
| | A) | Skin color becomes lighter the further you get from the tropics. |
| | B) | It helps protect individuals not living in the tropics against rickets. |
| | C) | It is more likely to burn than dark-colored skin. |
| | D) | It does not provide an adaptive advantage for people living in cold and cloudy environments. |
| | E) | Individuals with light-colored skin are more likely to develop hypervitaminosis D than are individuals with dark-colored skin. |
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8 | |
Social race differs from biological race because: |
| | A) | A biological race is assigned to groups in a culturally arbitrary manner. |
| | B) | Social race refers to meaningful genetic differences between populations. |
| | C) | Social race is a politically correct term for biological race. |
| | D) | Social race is a cultural construction that is based on arbitrary distinctions. |
| | E) | There is no difference between social and biological race. |
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9 | |
Which of the following statements regarding hypodescent is true? |
| | A) | It automatically places the children of a union or mating between members of different groups in the minority group. |
| | B) | It is how race is determined in the U.S. |
| | C) | It divided American society into groups that have been unequal in their access to wealth, power, and prestige. |
| | D) | Its operation explains why the populations in the U.S. labeled "black" and "Native American" are growing. |
| | E) | All of the above statements regarding hypodescent are true. |
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10 | |
Which of the following statements regarding burakumin is true? |
| | A) | They are full citizens of Brazil. |
| | B) | Their residences are dispersed in and among the residences of non-burakumin. |
| | C) | They typically perform manual labor to make a living. |
| | D) | They are physically and genetically different from the rest of the Japanese population. |
| | E) | Their status as outcasts originated just after World War II. |
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11 | |
As discussed in the textbook, the Japanese system of racial classification is most similar to that found in: |
| | A) | India |
| | B) | Brazil |
| | C) | Russian |
| | D) | United States |
| | E) | None of the above, the Japanese system of racial classification is unique. |
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12 | |
Compared to systems of racial classification in the U.S. and Japan, the Brazilian system of racial classification: |
| | A) | uses many more terms |
| | B) | is considerably more fluid |
| | C) | does not use hypodescent |
| | D) | is significantly more flexible |
| | E) | All of the above statements regarding the Brazilian system of racial classification are true. |
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13 | |
Why is the expression "money whitens" mentioned in the text? |
| | A) | The expression "money whitens" is never mentioned in the text. |
| | B) | It is mentioned in the text to demonstrate that social status affects a person's race in Brazil. |
| | C) | It is mentioned in the text to demonstrate that whites economically dominate the U.S. |
| | D) | It is mentioned in the text to demonstrate that social status affects a person's race in the U.S. |
| | E) | It is mentioned in the text to demonstrate that social status affects a person's race in Japan. |
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14 | |
Due to the lack of hypodescent in Brazil, what is happening to the number of people classified in intermediate racial categories? |
| | A) | The number of people classified in intermediate racial categories is declining. |
| | B) | The number of people classified in intermediate racial categories has stayed the same over the last 100 years. |
| | C) | The number of people classified in intermediate racial categories is increasing. |
| | D) | Intermediate racial categories in Brazil have never played an important role. |
| | E) | The number of people classified in intermediate racial categories is increasing, but not nearly as fast as the number of people classified in intermediate racial categories in the U.S. |
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15 | |
The rigidity of the racial terminology used in the U.S. is in part due to the fact that: |
| | A) | Whites actively worked to maintain racial distinctions between themselves, Native Americans, and slaves. |
| | B) | Most of the early European settlers frequently married Native Americans. |
| | C) | Slave owners in the U.S. never had sexual relations with their slaves. |
| | D) | The offspring of a union between a female slave or a Native American woman and a European settler were assigned to a new intermediate category. |
| | E) | The early European settlers were mostly women. |
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2002 McGraw-Hill Higher Education