1			Physiology
			A)	deals with the processes or functions of living things.
			B)	is the scientific discipline that investigates the body's structures.
			C)	is concerned with organisms and does not deal with different levels of organization, such as cells and systems.
			D)	recognizes the static (as opposed to the dynamic) nature of living things.
			E)	can be used to study the human body without considering anatomy.
2			Given the following conceptual levels for considering the body: 1. cell 2. chemical 3. organ 4. organ system 5. organism 6. tissue Choose the correct order for these conceptual levels, from smallest to largest.
			A)	1,2,3,6,4,5
			B)	2,1,6,3,4,5
			C)	3,1,6,4,5,2
			D)	4,6,1,3,5,2
			E)	1,6,5,3,4,2

For questions 3–8, match each organ system with its correct function.

3			endocrine system
			A)	regulates other organ systems
			B)	removes waste products from the blood; maintains water balance
			C)	regulates temperature; prevents water loss; provides protection
			D)	removes foreign substances from the blood; combats disease; maintains tissue fluid balance
			E)	produces movement; maintains posture; produces body heat
4			integumentary system
			A)	regulates other organ systems
			B)	removes waste products from the blood; maintains water balance
			C)	regulates temperature; prevents water loss; provides protection
			D)	removes foreign substances from the blood; combats disease; maintains tissue fluid balance
			E)	produces movement; maintains posture; produces body heat
5			lymphatic system
			A)	regulates other organ systems
			B)	removes waste products from the blood; maintains water balance
			C)	regulates temperature; prevents water loss; provides protection
			D)	removes foreign substances from the blood; combats disease; maintains tissue fluid balance
			E)	produces movement; maintains posture; produces body heat
6			muscular system
			A)	regulates other organ systems
			B)	removes waste products from the blood; maintains water balance
			C)	regulates temperature; prevents water loss; provides protection
			D)	removes foreign substances from the blood; combats disease; maintains tissue fluid balance
			E)	produces movement; maintains posture; produces body heat
7			nervous system
			A)	regulates other organ systems
			B)	removes waste products from the blood; maintains water balance
			C)	regulates temperature; prevents water loss; provides protection
			D)	removes foreign substances from the blood; combats disease; maintains tissue fluid balance
			E)	produces movement; maintains posture; produces body heat
8			urinary system
			A)	regulates other organ systems
			B)	removes waste products from the blood; maintains water balance
			C)	regulates temperature; prevents water loss; provides protection
			D)	removes foreign substances from the blood; combats disease; maintains tissue fluid balance
			E)	produces movement; maintains posture; produces body heat
9			The characteristic of life that is defined as "all the chemical reactions taking place in an organism" is
			A)	development.
			B)	growth.
			C)	metabolism.
			D)	organization.
			E)	responsiveness.
10			Negative-feedback mechanisms
			A)	make deviations from the set point smaller.
			B)	maintain homeostasis.
			C)	are associated with an increased sense of hunger the longer a person goes without eating.
			D)	all of the above.
11			The following events are part of a negative-feedback mechanism. 1. Blood pressure increases. 2. Control center compares actual blood pressure to the blood pressure set point. 3. The heart beats faster. 4. Receptors detect a decrease in blood pressure. Choose the arrangement that lists the events in the order they occur.
			A)	1,2,3,4
			B)	1,3,2,4
			C)	3,1,4,2
			D)	4,2,3,1
			E)	4,3,2,1
12			Which of these statements concerning positive feedback is correct?
			A)	Positive-feedback responses maintain homeostasis.
			B)	Positive-feedback responses occur continuously in healthy individuals.
			C)	Birth is an example of a normally occurring positive-feedback mechanism.
			D)	When the cardiac muscle receives an inadequate supply of blood, positive-feedback mechanisms increase blood flow to the heart.
			E)	Medical therapy seeks to overcome illness by aiding positive-feedback mechanisms.
13			The clavicle (collarbone) is _____________ to the nipple of the breast.
			A)	anterior
			B)	distal
			C)	superficial
			D)	superior
			E)	ventral
14			A term that means nearer the attached end of a limb is
			A)	distal.
			B)	lateral.
			C)	medial.
			D)	proximal.
			E)	superficial.
15			Which of these directional terms are paired most appropriately as opposites?
			A)	superficial and deep
			B)	medial and proximal
			C)	distal and lateral
			D)	superior and posterior
			E)	anterior and inferior
16			The part of the upper limb between the elbow and the wrist is called the
			A)	arm.
			B)	forearm.
			C)	hand.
			D)	inferior arm.
			E)	lower arm.
17			A patient with appendicitis usually has pain in the _____________ quadrant of the abdomen.
			A)	left-lower
			B)	right-lower
			C)	left-upper
			D)	right-upper
18			A plane that divides the body into anterior and posterior parts is a
			A)	frontal (coronal) plane.
			B)	sagittal plane.
			C)	transverse plane.
19			The pelvic cavity contains the
			A)	kidneys.
			B)	liver.
			C)	spleen.
			D)	stomach.
			E)	urinary bladder.
20			The lungs are
			A)	part of the mediastinum.
			B)	surrounded by the pericardial cavity.
			C)	found within the thoracic cavity.
			D)	separated from each other by the diaphragm.
			E)	surrounded by mucous membranes.
21			Given these characteristics: 1. reduce friction between organs 2. line fluid-filled cavities 3. line trunk cavities that open to the exterior of the body Which of the characteristics describe serous membranes?
			A)	1,2
			B)	1,3
			C)	2,3
			D)	1,2,3
22			Given these organ and cavity combinations: 1. heart and pericardial cavity 2. lungs and pleural cavity 3. stomach and peritoneal cavity 4. kidney and peritoneal cavity Which of the organs is correctly paired with a space that surrounds that organ?
			A)	1,2
			B)	1,2,3
			C)	1,2,4
			D)	2,3,4
			E)	1,2,3,4
23			Which of these membrane combinations are found on the surface of the diaphragm?
			A)	parietal pleura—parietal peritoneum
			B)	parietal pleura—visceral peritoneum
			C)	visceral pleura—parietal peritoneum
			D)	visceral pleura—visceral peritoneum
24			Mesenteries
			A)	are found in the pleural, pericardial, and abdominopelvic cavities.
			B)	consist of two layers of peritoneum fused together.
			C)	anchor organs such as the kidneys and urinary bladder to the body wall.
			D)	are found primarily in body cavities that open to the outside.
			E)	all of the above.
25			Which of the following organs is not retroperitoneal?
			A)	adrenal glands
			B)	urinary bladder
			C)	kidneys
			D)	pancreas
			E)	stomach