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| 1 | |
Which of these statements concerning kilocalories is true? |
| | A) | A kilocalorie is the amount of energy required to raise the temperature of 1 g of water 1°C. |
| | B) | There are 9 kcal in a gram of protein. |
| | C) | There are 4 kcal in a gram of fat. |
| | D) | A pound of body fat contains 3500 kcal. |
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| 2 | |
Complex carbohydrates include |
| | A) | sucrose. |
| | B) | milk sugar (lactose). |
| | C) | starch, an energy storage molecule in plants. |
| | D) | all of the above. |
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| 3 | |
What type of nutrient is recommended as the primary energy source in the diet? |
| | A) | carbohydrates |
| | B) | fats |
| | C) | proteins |
| | D) | cellulose |
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| 4 | |
A good source of monounsaturated fats is |
| | A) | fat associated with meat. |
| | B) | egg yolks. |
| | C) | whole milk. |
| | D) | fish oil. |
| | E) | olive oil. |
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| 5 | |
A complete protein food |
| | A) | provides the daily amount (grams) of protein recommended in a healthy diet. |
| | B) | can be used to synthesize the nonessential amino acids. |
| | C) | contains all 20 amino acids. |
| | D) | includes beans, peas, and leafy green vegetables. |
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| 6 | |
Concerning vitamins, |
| | A) | most can be synthesized by the body. |
| | B) | they are normally broken down before they can be used by the body. |
| | C) | A, D, E, and K are water-soluble vitamins. |
| | D) | many function as coenzymes. |
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| 7 | |
Minerals |
| | A) | are inorganic nutrients. |
| | B) | compose about 4% - 5% of total body weight. |
| | C) | act as buffers and osmotic regulators. |
| | D) | are components of enzymes. |
| | E) | all of the above. |
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| 8 | |
Glycolysis |
| | A) | is the breakdown of glucose to two pyruvic acid molecules. |
| | B) | requires the input of two ATP molecules. |
| | C) | produces two NADH molecules. |
| | D) | does not require oxygen. |
| | E) | all of the above. |
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| 9 | |
Anaerobic respiration occurs in the _____________ of oxygen and produces _____________ energy (ATP) for the cell than aerobic respiration. |
| | A) | absence, more |
| | B) | absence, less |
| | C) | presence, more |
| | D) | presence, less |
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| 10 | |
Which of these reactions take place in both anaerobic and aerobic respiration? |
| | A) | glycolysis |
| | B) | citric acid cycle |
| | C) | electron-transport chain |
| | D) | acetyl-CoA formation |
| | E) | all of the above |
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| 11 | |
A molecule that moves electrons from the citric acid cycle to the electron-transport chain is |
| | A) | tRNA. |
| | B) | mRNA. |
| | C) | ADP. |
| | D) | NADH. |
| | E) | pyruvic acid. |
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| 12 | |
The production of ATP molecules by the electron-transport chain is accompanied by the synthesis of |
| | A) | alcohol. |
| | B) | water. |
| | C) | oxygen. |
| | D) | lactic acid. |
| | E) | glucose. |
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| 13 | |
The carbon dioxide you breathe out comes from |
| | A) | glycolysis. |
| | B) | the electron-transport chain. |
| | C) | anaerobic respiration. |
| | D) | the food you eat. |
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| 14 | |
Lipids are |
| | A) | stored primarily as triglycerides. |
| | B) | synthesized by beta-oxidation. |
| | C) | broken down by oxidative deamination. |
| | D) | all of the above. |
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| 15 | |
Amino acids |
| | A) | are classified as essential or nonessential. |
| | B) | can be synthesized in a transamination reaction. |
| | C) | can be used as a source of energy. |
| | D) | can be converted to keto acids. |
| | E) | all of the above. |
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| 16 | |
Ammonia is |
| | A) | a by-product of lipid metabolism. |
| | B) | formed during ketogenesis. |
| | C) | converted into urea in the liver. |
| | D) | produced during lipogenesis. |
| | E) | converted to keto acids. |
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| 17 | |
The conversion of amino acids and glycerol into glucose is called |
| | A) | gluconeogenesis. |
| | B) | glycogenolysis. |
| | C) | glycogenesis. |
| | D) | ketogenesis. |
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| 18 | |
Which of these events takes place during the absorptive state? |
| | A) | Glycogen is converted into glucose. |
| | B) | Glucose is converted into fats. |
| | C) | Ketones are produced. |
| | D) | Proteins are converted into glucose. |
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| 19 | |
The major use of energy by the body is in |
| | A) | basal metabolism. |
| | B) | physical activity. |
| | C) | the thermic effect of food. |
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| 20 | |
The loss of heat resulting from the loss of water from the body's surface is |
| | A) | radiation. |
| | B) | evaporation. |
| | C) | conduction. |
| | D) | convection. |
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