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1 | |
At least 97% of all species of animals are invertebrates. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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2 | |
Most sponges are carnivores that suck prey in through specialized pores. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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3 | |
Feeding currents in sponges are produced by flagellated cells called choanocytes. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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4 | |
Food is trapped in most sponges by mineralized structures called spicules. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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5 | |
Support material in sponges is always made of calcium carbonate. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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6 | |
Cnidarians capture prey mainly by entangling and wrapping them with their tentacles. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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7 | |
Radial symmetry, such as seen in Cnidaria, occurs when similar parts of a body are arranged and repeated around a central axis. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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8 | |
Mature marine hydrozoan Cnidaria are mainly colonies of polyps that produce medusae. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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9 | |
The Portugese man-of-war is a type of scyphozoan cnidarian with a gas float. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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10 | |
Scyphozoan cnidarians may be found in a polyp form, but the medusa stage generally dominates. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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11 | |
In anthozoan cnidarians, the polyp form has complex internal septa to aid digestion. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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12 | |
Corals and gorgonians are types of anthozoan cnidarians. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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13 | |
Ctenophores (comb jellies) are similar to scyphozoan cnidarians in that they have tentacles with nematocysts. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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14 | |
In bilaterally symmetric animals, the term "bilateral" indicates that there are two ways of cutting the body to get two identical halves. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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15 | |
Platyhelminths have a centralized brain, while cnidarians do not. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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16 | |
Platyhelminths have a complete digestive tract with mouth and anus, while cnidarians do not. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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17 | |
Parasitic platyhelminths known as flukes typically infect a vertebrate as an adult, though may infect an invertebrate as a larva. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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18 | |
Nemertean worms entangle prey with a proboscis everted from a cavity above the mouth. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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19 | |
Marine nematode worms are hardly ever seen because they are relatively few in number. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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20 | |
Annelid worms have a true coelom for a body cavity, but nematode, nemertean, and platyhelminth worms do not. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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21 | |
Segments of polychaete worms usually have fleshy extensions called parapodia which often have stiff bristles called setae. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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22 | |
Polychaete worms, like earthworms on land, are all deposit feeders. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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23 | |
All known animal phyla were discovered by biologists by the early 20th century. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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24 | |
Pogonophoran worms differ from most other worms in that their digestive tracts are filled with bacteria. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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25 | |
Most molluscs have a radula, a ribbon-like structure that carries rows of small teeth. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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26 | |
All molluscs have an external shell made of calcium carbonate. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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27 | |
Some gastropods use their radulas to scrape algae from rocks, and some are carnivores that may use the radula to rasp a hole in a prey's shell. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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28 | |
Brachiopods or lamp shells are a type of mollusc with a two-part shell. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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29 | |
Most bivalves use their radular teeth like a filter to trap small particles in the water. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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30 | |
Cephalopods use a structure called a funnel to squirt out water from their mantle cavities in order to create a kind of jet propulsion. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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31 | |
Squids and cuttlefish have internal shells. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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32 | |
Most chitons (Polyplacophora) use their radulas to scrape algae off shoreline rocks. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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33 | |
Molluscs and annelids produce similar planktonic larvae called trochophores. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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34 | |
Cephalopods are considered to have the most complex brain outside of the vertebrates, capable of advanced learning. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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35 | |
Arthropods must discard (molt) their chitinous exoskeletons in order to grow. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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36 | |
Some amphipods can jump. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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37 | |
Copepod crustaceans typically use their antennae to swim in the plankton. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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38 | |
Barnacles use their antennae to filter particles out of the water. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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39 | |
Decapods generally have 5 pairs of swimming legs on the cephalothorax. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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40 | |
Hermit crabs have a long, soft abdomen, while true crabs have a small abdomen tucked under the cephalothorax. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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41 | |
Most asteroidean echinoderms are carnivores, while most ophiuroideans eat particulate matter and small organisms off the bottom. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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42 | |
Sea urchins (echinoidean Echinodermata) feed with an elaborate jaw and muscle device called Aristotle's lantern. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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43 | |
Sea cucumbers (holothuroidean Echinodermata) are carnivores, using modified tentacular tube feet to grasp animal prey. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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44 | |
Echinoderms have a separate brain for each portion of the radial body. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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45 | |
Echinoderms, hemichordates and chordates (which include humans) are all thought to be closely related because of common features in early embryonic development. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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46 | |
Sea squirts lose their notochord as adults. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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47 | |
Benthic sea squirts (ascidiacean Urochordata) and planktonic salps (thaliacean Urochordata) both filter-feed with an incurrent and excurrent siphon. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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48 | |
Lancets (Cephalochordata) are similar to vertebrates in structure except for the lack of a backbone. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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49 | |
The following animals are largely carnivores: |
| | A) | Chaetognatha |
| | B) | Bryozoa |
| | C) | Brachiopoda |
| | D) | Sipunculida |
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50 | |
Echinoderms are characterized by |
| | A) | usually having a heptaradial symmetry. |
| | B) | having an exoskeleton similar to that of the Arthropoda. |
| | C) | often moving by use of hundreds of fluid-powered tube feet. |
| | D) | all of the above. |
| | E) | both b and c. |
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51 | |
Some of the most common and widespread marine animals are |
| | A) | insects. |
| | B) | copepods. |
| | C) | loriciferans. |
| | D) | brachiopods. |
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