Please choose the best answer to all of the questions.
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1 | |
The definition of science is |
| | A) | a method of inquiry that requires the generation, testing, and acceptance, or rejection of hypotheses |
| | B) | educated guesses to explain natural phenomena. |
| | C) | developing a general explanation from specific observations. |
| | D) | studying stuff. |
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2 | |
Proposed explanations for natural phenomena is the definition of |
| | A) | science |
| | B) | induction. |
| | C) | deduction. |
| | D) | hypotheses. |
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3 | |
In the cycle of steps that make up the scientific method |
| | A) | deduction must always come before induction |
| | B) | testing a hypothesis is not as important as looking for patterns. |
| | C) | one must always be aware of the effect of preconceptions. |
| | D) | all the above. |
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4 | |
Developing a general explanation from specific observations is |
| | A) | diffusion |
| | B) | scientific method. |
| | C) | deduction. |
| | D) | induction. |
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5 | |
Working from the general to the specific is the definition of which term? |
| | A) | diffusion |
| | B) | scientific method |
| | C) | deduction |
| | D) | induction |
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6 | |
A theory |
| | A) | is a general idea that explains a large set of factual patterns |
| | B) | is an educated guess. |
| | C) | can never be disproved. |
| | D) | is always the first step in the scientific method of inquiry. |
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7 | |
How do belief systems differ from science? |
| | A) | Science is irrefutable, and belief systems are not |
| | B) | Belief systems are irrefutable, and science is not. |
| | C) | Belief systems are culture specific, and science is not. |
| | D) | Belief systems are not testable, and science is. |
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8 | |
Why do anthropologists study culture? |
| | A) | To understand their own behavior |
| | B) | To understand the behavior of others. |
| | C) | To make educated predictions that might help us cope with the changes and challenges of the modern world. |
| | D) | All the above. |
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9 | |
Belief systems |
| | A) | are tested on a scientific level |
| | B) | are tested on a personal level. |
| | C) | are inviolable. |
| | D) | are not culture specific. |
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10 | |
A group of people with a long history in a particular area is called |
| | A) | polygynous. |
| | B) | indigenous. |
| | C) | idiosyncratic. |
| | D) | lazy. |
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11 | |
A polygynous society |
| | A) | allows men to have multiple wives. |
| | B) | only allows a person to marry within their particular group. |
| | C) | allows men to have only one wife. |
| | D) | allows women to have multiple husbands. |
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12 | |
Which of the following is NOT testable? |
| | A) | The social interaction of students in a classroom. |
| | B) | Bird behavior. |
| | C) | The existence of God. |
| | D) | Fossil identification. |
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13 | |
How is cultural anthropology a scientific endeavor? |
| | A) | Anthropologists can look for patterns, associations, and repetitions in societies and create hypotheses to explain behavior. |
| | B) | Cultural anthropology is not scientific, only physical anthropology and archaeology are. |
| | C) | In fieldwork anthropologists are able to manipulate test subjects to garner information about behavior under controlled circumstances. |
| | D) | A and C. |
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14 | |
Which of the following is an example of induction? |
| | A) | A star ‘fell’ from the sky, therefore all stars will eventually ‘fall’ from the sky. |
| | B) | Light is bent by gravity, therefore stars are not actually where they appear. |
| | C) | The gorilla Coco loves bananas, therefore all gorillas love bananas. |
| | D) | A and C. |
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15 | |
Which of the following is an example of deduction? |
| | A) | A star ‘fell’ from the sky, therefore all stars will eventually ‘fall’ from the sky. |
| | B) | Light is bent by gravity, therefore stars are not actually where they appear. |
| | C) | The gorilla Coco loves bananas, therefore all gorillas love bananas. |
| | D) | Canada geese fly south for the winter, therefore all birds seek warmer climes in cold months. |
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16 | |
What is the difference between a hypothesis and a “working hypothesis?” |
| | A) | A hypothesis is not supported by tests, while a “working hypothesis” is. |
| | B) | A “working hypothesis” is proven, while a hypothesis is not. |
| | C) | A hypothesis is elevated to a “working hypothesis” when it has passed every test. |
| | D) | A “working hypothesis” has to earn a living, while a hypothesis lives on grants. |
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17 | |
Galileo said scientific inquiry tells us “how heaven is,” and belief systems tell us |
| | A) | “how to get to heaven.” |
| | B) | “where heaven is.” |
| | C) | “what heaven is.” |
| | D) | “when heaven is.” |
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18 | |
The Hippocratic oath is an example of |
| | A) | scientific inquiry. |
| | B) | a formalization of beliefs. |
| | C) | an early insurance form. |
| | D) | all the above. |
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19 | |
Which of the following is practiced everyday by everyone? |
| | A) | belief systems |
| | B) | scientific inquiry |
| | C) | both belief systems and scientific inquiry |
| | D) | personal grooming |
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20 | |
Good science is |
| | A) | proven. |
| | B) | predictable. |
| | C) | published. |
| | D) | skeptical. |
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2002 McGraw-Hill Higher Education