Please choose the best answer to the following questions.
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1 | |
Which of the following is considered clean, and therefore edible by Jewish custom? |
| | A) | lobster |
| | B) | camels |
| | C) | locusts |
| | D) | rabbits |
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2 | |
According to Marvin Harris, what is the reason why pigs are considered unclean in Jewish custom? |
| | A) | They compete with humans for the same food source |
| | B) | They are hard to herd. |
| | C) | They cannot digest cellulose. |
| | D) | All the above. |
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3 | |
On what point regarding dietary laws do Mary Douglas and Marvin Harris agree with each other? |
| | A) | Both agree that the dietary rules reflect what people were already doing. |
| | B) | Both agree that the explanation for the dietary laws lies in their symbolic value. |
| | C) | Both agree that the explanation for the dietary laws lies in their practical value. |
| | D) | None of the above. |
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4 | |
According to Marvin Harris, behaviors have |
| | A) | consequences |
| | B) | guided ideas. |
| | C) | ritualistic motivations. |
| | D) | natural laws. |
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5 | |
What is the motivation for the ritual war of the Dani? |
| | A) | Reducing the number of mouths to feed |
| | B) | Disputes over women and pigs. |
| | C) | Placation of ghosts. |
| | D) | Keeping the populations low due to lack of land. |
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6 | |
When are the Dani permitted to kill a woman or child? |
| | A) | When the other side has killed a high-ranking member |
| | B) | When several battles fail to produce a corpse. |
| | C) | When it is harvest time. |
| | D) | When a battle produces two or more casualties on the same side. |
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7 | |
What is the difference between secular wars and ritual wars, as defined in Dani culture? |
| | A) | There are no rules in secular wars while ritual wars have a certain code of conduct |
| | B) | Secular wars are fought to placate ghosts and ritual wars are usually over women and pigs. |
| | C) | Women and children can only be killed under certain circumstances in secular wars. |
| | D) | All the above. |
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8 | |
The definition of co-wife resentment is |
| | A) | tension among the wives in the entire tribe often caused by jealousy over possessions |
| | B) | tension among the men often caused by women withholding sex. |
| | C) | tension among the wives of one man often caused by the birth of a newborn. |
| | D) | tension among the wives of one man often caused by the differing status of those wives. |
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9 | |
Ritual wars lead to ceremonies that in turn lead to |
| | A) | redistribution of wealth |
| | B) | secular wars. |
| | C) | protein shortages. |
| | D) | all the above. |
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10 | |
In Fore society who is most likely to contract kuru? |
| | A) | men |
| | B) | children |
| | C) | women |
| | D) | cattle |
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11 | |
Why was genetics ruled out as the cause of kuru? |
| | A) | It occurred too often to be genetic. |
| | B) | A disease that is 100 percent lethal would have been selected out of existence. |
| | C) | It would not account for the preponderance of women falling victim. |
| | D) | All the above. |
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12 | |
The practical reason behind Fore endocannibalism is |
| | A) | to make sure the bodies of the dead do not fall into enemy hands. |
| | B) | that the women do not get as much protein as the men. |
| | C) | that human flesh helps other humans regenerate. |
| | D) | to dispose of dead bodies. |
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13 | |
In Fore culture who was blamed for the kuru disease? |
| | A) | The Australian government for changing their subsistence pattern. |
| | B) | Sorcerers who were jealous of the unequal wealth and status that was beginning to emerge. |
| | C) | The Big Men who were acquiring wealth and power. |
| | D) | Ghosts of slain tribe members who had not yet been avenged. |
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14 | |
Acts that benefit others without regard to the welfare of the organism performing those acts is the definition of |
| | A) | humanity. |
| | B) | civilization. |
| | C) | altruism. |
| | D) | selfishness. |
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15 | |
The definition of biological determinism is |
| | A) | the idea that human behavior have a biological basis, with minimal influence from culture. |
| | B) | the idea that human behaviors has a biological basis, with no influence from culture. |
| | C) | the idea that human behavior is almost totally the result of learned cultural information, with little or no instinctive responses. |
| | D) | the idea that human behavior is equal parts biology and culture. |
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16 | |
The definition of cultural determinism is |
| | A) | the idea that human behavior has a biological basis, with minimal influence from culture. |
| | B) | the idea that human behavior has a biological basis, with no influence from culture. |
| | C) | the idea that human behavior is almost totally the result of learned cultural information, with little or no instinctive responses. |
| | D) | the idea that human behavior is equal parts biology and culture. |
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17 | |
The prairie dog that puts himself at risk for the benefit of the pack is exhibiting behavior called |
| | A) | biological determinism. |
| | B) | cultural determinism. |
| | C) | sociobiology. |
| | D) | kin selection. |
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18 | |
The scientific study that examines evolutionary explanations for social behavior within species is the definition of |
| | A) | sociology. |
| | B) | sociobiology. |
| | C) | eugenics. |
| | D) | ecology. |
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19 | |
Sociobiology is also known as |
| | A) | evolutionary psychology. |
| | B) | behavioral ecology. |
| | C) | eugenics. |
| | D) | both A and B. |
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20 | |
Violent acts committed by humans are |
| | A) | responses to a cultural system and world view. |
| | B) | instinctive. |
| | C) | natural behavior. |
| | D) | the consequence of living in a complex civilization. |
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2002 McGraw-Hill Higher Education