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The eucaryotic cell is a complex, compartmentalized unit that
differs from the procaryotic cell by containing a nucleus and
several other specialized structures called organelles. Although
exact cell structures differ somewhat among the several groups
of eucaryotic organisms, the eucaryotic cell is the typical cell of certain
microbial groups (fungi, algae, protozoa, and helminth worms) as well
as all animals and plants. In this chapter, we examine the overall structure
and function of eucaryotic cells in preparation for later chapters
that deal with related microbiological concepts, including metabolism,
genetics, nutrition, drug therapy, immunology, and disease. Because
of the tremendous variety of eucaryotic microorganisms and their
practical importance in medicine, industry, and agriculture, this chapter
will also cover the major characteristics of each group of eucaryotic
microorganisms. |