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Multiple Choice



1

Cellular respiration refers to
A)the exchange of gases at the lungs.
B)oxygen utilization and carbon dioxide production at the tissues.
C)pulmonary respiration.
D)the ability of the alveolar to exchange gases at the lungs.
2

During exercise, the respiratory system plays a role in acid-base balance by
A)removing H+ from the blood by the HCO3- reaction.
B)aiding the kidney in the removal of lactic acid.
C)lowering the pH of the blood by hyperventilating.
D)increasing the pH of the blood by hypoventilating
3

The conducting zone of the respiratory system
A)serves as a passageway for air.
B)has alveoli which allows for gas exchange to occur.
C)functions to humidify and filter the air.
D)does both a and c.
4

Expiration occurs when the pressure within the lungs exceeds atmospheric pressure and
A)involves the contraction of the diaphragm.
B)is passive during normal quiet breathing
C)requires contraction of the diaphragm only during exercise or voluntary hyperventilation
D)does both b and c.
5

During exercise, pulmonary ventilation increases due to
A)an increase in both alveolar and dead space ventilation.
B)an increase in alveolar ventilation and a decrease in dead space ventilation.
C)an increase in the vital capacity.
D)none of the above.
6

During exercise, the region of the lung that receives an increased percentage of the total ventilation is the
A)apical region.
B)basal region.
C)alveolar region.
D)capillary region.
7

Fick's law of diffusion states that the rate of gas transfer is proportional to
A)the tissue area and the difference in the partial pressure of the gas on the two sides of the tissue.
B)the thickness and the tissue area .
C)the tissue area, the diffusion coefficient of the gas and the difference in the partial pressure of the gas on the two sides of the tissue.
D)none of the above.
8

The partial pressure of oxygen is
A)higher in the alveoli than the pulmonary artery.
B)higher in the pulmonary artery than the systemic arteries.
C)higher in the systemic arteries than the alveoli.
D)higher in the systemic veins than the arteries.
9

The partial pressure of carbon dioxide is
A)higher in the alveoli than the pulmonary artery.
B)higher in the pulmonary artery than the systemic arteries.
C)higher in the alveoli than the systemic arteries.
D)higher in the systemic arteries than the veins.
10

A V/Q relationship less than 1.0 represents
A)a greater blood flow than ventilation which is advantageous during exercise.
B)a greater blood flow than ventilation which is disadvantageous during exercise.
C)a greater ventilation than blood flow which is advantageous during exercise.
D)a greater ventilation than blood flow which is disadvantageous during exercise.
11

During exercise, there is a shift in the oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curve
A)to the right due to a decrease in pH.
B)which allows for greater unloading of oxygen at the tissues due to an increased affinity of oxygen for hemoglobin.
C)which allows for a increased loading of oxygen at the lungs due to a decreased affinity of oxygen for hemoglobin.
D)which is described by all of the above.
12

Removal of CO2 from the blood will decrease hydrogen ion concentration and thus
A)decrease pH.
B)increase pH.
C)increase pH initially then decrease it.
D)decrease pH initially then increase it.
13

Ventilation increases as a linear function of oxygen uptake up to a point known as the
A)the PCO2 inflection point.
B)the steady state inflection point.
C)the ventilatory threshold.
D)both b and c.
14

Input into the respiratory control center can be classified two ways
A)pneumotaxic and apneustic.
B)aortic and carotid.
C)O2 and CO2.
D)neural and humoral.
15

Central chemoreceptors are sensitive to increases in
A)PCO2.
B)pH.
C)PO2.
D)both a and b.
16

The likely mechanism that explains the alinear rise in ventilation during an incremental exercise test is
A)a circulatory deficiency.
B)aortic and carotid bodies are depressed.
C)blood hydrogen ion concentration.
D)none of the above.
17

Afferent input to the respiratory control center during exercise might come from
A)peripheral receptors.
B)aortic and carotid bodies.
C)pneumotaxic area.
D)apneustic area.
18

The depth of breathing is primarily regulated by
A)aortic and carotid bodies.
B)pneumotaxic and apneustic areas.
C)O2 and CO2 levels.
D)blood hydrogen ion concentration.
19

The initial drive to inspire or expire comes from neurons located in the
A)medulla oblongata.
B)cerebral cortex.
C)adrenal medulla.
D)cerebrum.





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