| acid | compound capable of giving up hydrogen ions into solution.
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| acidosis | an abnormal increase in blood hydrogen ion concentration (i.e., arterial pH below 7.35).
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| alkalosis | an abnormal increase in blood concentration of OH2 ions, resulting in a rise in arterial pH above 7.45.
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| bases | compounds that ionize in water to release hydroxyl ions (OH2) or other ions that are capable of combining with hydrogen ions.
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| buffer | a compound that resists pH change.
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| hydrogen ion | (H1) a free hydrogen ion in solution that results in a decrease in pH of the solution.
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| ion | a single atom or small molecule containing a net positive or negative charge due to an excess of either protons or electrons, respectively (e.g., Na1, Cl2).
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| pH | a measure of the acidity of a solution; calculated as the negative log10 of the [H1] in which 7 is neutral; values that are .7 are basic and ,7 are acidic.
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| respiratory compensation | the buffering of excess H1 in the blood by plasma bicarbonate (HCO32), and the associated elevation in ventilation to exhale the resulting CO2.
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| strong acids | an acid that completely ionizes when dissolved in water to generate H1 and its anion.
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| strong bases | a base (alkaline substance) that completely ionizes when dissolved in water to generate OH2 and its cation.
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