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Multiple Choice



1

Acidosis results from
A)an accumulation of acids and/or a loss of bases.
B)a decreased hydrogen ion concentration.
C)hyperventilating.
D)all of the above.
2

Exercise results in the production of large amounts of lactic acid which
A)is produced by contracting skeletal muscle.
B)ionizes and releases hydrogen ions.
C)is an organic acid.
D)is described by all of the above.
3

The most common intracellular buffers are
A)proteins and phosphate groups.
B)weak acids.
C)proteins, hemoglobin and bicarbonate.
D)proteins, hemoglobin and phosphate groups.
4

Hemoglobin has approximately six times the buffering capacity of plasma proteins due to
A)its high concentration.
B)the ability of deoxygenated hemoglobin to buffer to a greater than oxygenated hemoglobin.
C)its ability to transport the plasma proteins.
D)both a and b.
5

Ingestion of bicarbonate has been shown to
A)improve performance in some types of exercise.
B)improve performance in all types of exercise.
C)increase blood bicarbonate concentration.
D)do both a and c.
6

The kidney is not an important regulator of acid-base balance during exercise because
A)it can only decrease the rate of bicarbonate excretion.
B)it can only increase the rate of bicarbonate excretion.
C)it responds too slowly to be of major benefit.
D)it is not capable of regulating hydrogen ion concentration.
7

The amount of lactic acid produced during exercise is dependent upon
A)the exercise intensity.
B)the muscle mass involved.
C)the duration.
D)all of the above.
8

Intracellular proteins are responsible for approximately
A)60% of the cells buffering capacity
B)20 to 30% of the cells buffering capacity.
C)10 to 20% of the cells buffering capacity.
D)none of the above.
9

The most important extracellular buffer is
A)blood proteins.
B)hemoglobin.
C)phosphate groups.
D)bicarbonate.
10

Respiratory compensation for metabolic alkalosis refers to
A)the increase in the lactic acid production.
B)the increase in ventilation resulting in a decrease in PCO2.
C)the decrease in ventilation resulting in an decrease in PCO2.
D)the decrease in ventilation resulting in an increase in PCO2.
11

Intense exercise can cause blood pH to decline to
A)6.2.
B)6.8.
C)3.8.
D)5.2.
12

The Henderson-Hasselbach equation can be used to calculate
A)the partial pressure of a gas.
B)the pH of a solution by comparing the ratio of the concentration of the bicarbonate with the concentration of the base in solution.
C)the pH of a solution by comparing the ratio of the concentration of the base with the concentration of the acid in solution.
D)none of the above.
13

Buffers protect against pH change by
A)removing hydrogen ions.
B)releasing hydrogen ions when pH increases.
C)removing hydrogen ions when pH increases.
D)none of the above
14

Volatile acids include
A)carbon dioxide and oxygen.
B)carbon dioxide and carbonic acid.
C)bicarbonate and hydrogen ions.
D)sulfuric acid and phosphoric acid.
15

Respiratory compensation for metabolic acidosis causes a/an
A)reduction in arterial PCO2.
B)increase in arterial PCO2.
C)increase in blood bicarbonate.
D)decrease in hydrogen ion production.





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