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1 | |
The epidemiologic triad shows the interaction of |
| | A) | environment, host and behavior. |
| | B) | genetics environment and behavior. |
| | C) | environment, agent, and host. |
| | D) | none of the above. |
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2 | |
An epidemiological model that attempts to establish cause by showing the interaction of risk factors is |
| | A) | a web of epidemiological triad. |
| | B) | a web of epidemiology. |
| | C) | a web of causation. |
| | D) | none of the above. |
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3 | |
Which of the following is a degenerative disease? |
| | A) | influenza |
| | B) | pneumonia |
| | C) | cardiovascular disease |
| | D) | none of the above |
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4 | |
Which of the following is an infectious disease? |
| | A) | tuberculosis |
| | B) | cancer |
| | C) | cardiovascular disease |
| | D) | none of the above |
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5 | |
The major cause of death in the United States in 1991 was |
| | A) | tuberculosis. |
| | B) | accidents. |
| | C) | cardiovascular disease. |
| | D) | cancer. |
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6 | |
Our understanding of the risks associated with atherosclerotic disease is based more on |
| | A) | genetic research. |
| | B) | environmental research. |
| | C) | animal research. |
| | D) | epidemiological research. |
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7 | |
The Framingham study found that the risk factor(s) that contributed to heart disease was/were |
| | A) | smoking. |
| | B) | hypertension. |
| | C) | high cholesterol. |
| | D) | all of the above. |
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8 | |
Atherosclerosis is the term used to describe |
| | A) | the hardening of the arteries. |
| | B) | narrowing of the coronary arteries. |
| | C) | high blood pressure. |
| | D) | the onset of a heart attack. |
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9 | |
Which of the following is a primary risk factor for coronary heart disease? |
| | A) | high blood pressure |
| | B) | diabetes |
| | C) | obesity |
| | D) | stress |
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10 | |
Which of the following is a secondary or contributing risk factor for coronary heart disease? |
| | A) | high serum cholesterol |
| | B) | cigarette smoking |
| | C) | diabetes |
| | D) | physical inactivity |
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11 | |
The decrease in the death rate from heart disease and stroke since 1970 is related to |
| | A) | the decline in cigarette smoking. |
| | B) | increased monitoring of blood pressure. |
| | C) | increased awareness of the role of blood cholesterol and dietary fat. |
| | D) | all of the above. |
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12 | |
The nutrition objectives for coronary heart disease risk reduction indicate a need to |
| | A) | decrease fat intake. |
| | B) | decrease salt intake. |
| | C) | increase intake of complex carbohydrates. |
| | D) | do all of the above. |
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13 | |
The deadly quartet model describes potential causative connections between and among |
| | A) | obesity, hypertension, insulin resistance and dyslipidemia. |
| | B) | heart disease, obesity, hypertension and tuberculosis. |
| | C) | hypertension, tuberculosis, heart disease and obesity. |
| | D) | none of the above. |
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14 | |
Insulin resistance is located primarily in |
| | A) | type I fibers. |
| | B) | type IIa fibers. |
| | C) | all type II fibers. |
| | D) | type Ia fibers. |
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15 | |
Mean arterial blood pressure is higher in subjects with a high percentage of |
| | A) | type I fibers. |
| | B) | type IIa fibers. |
| | C) | all type II fibers. |
| | D) | type Ia fibers. |
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16 | |
To facilitate the process of determining cause, epidemiologists might apply the following guideline/s. |
| | A) | temporal disassociation |
| | B) | factuality |
| | C) | consistency |
| | D) | all of the above |
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