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Multiple Choice



1

The striated appearance of skeletal muscle is due to
A)being multinucleated.
B)arrangement of actin and myosin.
C)overlap of the I band and the H zone.
D)the Z lines.
2

Sarcomeres are divided from each other by
A)Z lines.
B)A bands.
C)I bands.
D)H zones.
3

Muscle fibers contract by the shortening of
A)their myofibrils.
B)their Z line to Z line distance.
C)their A bands.
D)both a and b.
4

The energy for muscular contraction comes from
A)the release of acetylcholine.
B)the pulling of actin over the myosin molecule.
C)the breakdown of ATP by myosin ATPase.
D)none of the above
5

Muscle fibers with a relatively small number of mitochondria are
A)fast-twitch fibers.
B)slow-twitch fibers.
C)intermediate fibers.
D)type I fibers.
6

The red pigment of type I fibers is due to
A)hemoglobin.
B)myoglobin.
C)mitochondria.
D)all of the above.
7

The predominant muscle fiber of non-athletes is
A)type I.
B)type Iia.
C)type II.
D)none of the above.
8

Endurance training results in conversion of muscle fibers from
A)type I to type Iia.
B)type IIa to type II.
C)type I to type II.
D)type II to type I.
9

A contraction where a muscle exerts tension but does not shorten in length is an
A)isometric contraction.
B)isotonic contraction.
C)isokinetic contraction.
D)eccentric contraction.
10

The amount of force generated by a muscle fiber depends primarily on
A)the stimulation.
B)number of actin/myosin cross bridges in contact.
C)a decreased latent period.
D)both a and b.
11

The amount of force generated by a group of muscles depends on
A)the type and number of motor units recruited.
B)the initial length of the muscle.
C)the nature of the neural stimulation.
D)all of the above.
12

Muscular contractions are stimulated by
A)single twitches.
B)alternate twitches.
C)addition of successive twitches.
D)none of the above.
13

The loss of muscle mass in aging humans is often due to
A)increased activity levels.
B)hypertrophy due to hormonal changes.
C)atrophy due to disuse.
D)a shift in fiber type.
14

From age 25 to 50 years the muscle mass lost is around
A)5%.
B)10%.
C)20%.
D)50%.
15

The muscle spindle acts directly on the
A)tendon.
B)joint.
C)central nervous system.
D)muscle.
16

When comparing contractile properties of muscle fibers, which characteristic(s) is/are important?
A)maximal force production
B)speed of contraction
C)muscle fiber efficiency
D)all of the above
17

Type IIb fibers have
A)a large number of mitochondria.
B)limited capacity for aerobic metabolism.
C)limited glycolytic capacity.
D)none of the above.
18

In the resting state, the myosin cross-bridges
A)remain connected to actin in a weak binding state.
B)remain connected to actin in a strong binding state.
C)are not connected to actin.
D)are bound to troponin.
19

The contraction cycle can continue as long as there is
A)calcium present.
B)ATP present.
C)ADP present.
D)both a and b.





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