 |
1 | |
Which of the following countries was the leading European commercial and colonial power in the eighteenth century? |
| | A) | France |
| | B) | Holland |
| | C) | Spain |
| | D) | Britain |
|
|
2 | |
At the beginning of the Industrial Revolution, Britain enjoyed cheap and quick transportation because of its... |
| | A) | railway network. |
| | B) | navigable rivers. |
| | C) | well-paved roads. |
| | D) | underground system. |
|
|
3 | |
The Agricultural Revolution was indispensable to Britain's industrialization because... |
| | A) | it greatly increased cotton cultivation. |
| | B) | many of the resulting new inventions could be harnessed to industrial uses. |
| | C) | it freed up the labor needed to work in factories. |
| | D) | it destroyed the cottage industry, making it necessary to find another way of producing the consumer goods in demand. |
|
|
4 | |
By 1850, the majority of Britain's population... |
| | A) | lived in the countryside. |
| | B) | produced food. |
| | C) | worked in coal mines. |
| | D) | lived in the cities. |
|
|
5 | |
The first advances in production which would lead to increased output and new opportunities for entrepreneurs took place in... |
| | A) | cotton. |
| | B) | iron. |
| | C) | steam. |
| | D) | food. |
|
|
6 | |
The following invention helped to spur further innovation in the cotton industry because it increased the demand for thread: |
| | A) | power loom. |
| | B) | flying shuttle. |
| | C) | spinning jenny. |
| | D) | water loom. |
|
|
7 | |
The Industrial Revolution's most important technological advance could be considered the... |
| | A) | spinning jenny. |
| | B) | steam engine. |
| | C) | conveyor belt. |
| | D) | bellows. |
|
|
8 | |
Steam engines were powered by... |
| | A) | solar energy. |
| | B) | natural gas. |
| | C) | coal. |
| | D) | electricity. |
|
|
9 | |
Which innovation brought together all aspects of the industrial revolution, created demand for a series of related products, and facilitated both supply and transportation? |
| | A) | the steamboat |
| | B) | the railroad |
| | C) | canal building |
| | D) | steel bridges |
|
|
10 | |
The following, which opened in 1851, was the symbol of Britain's industrial triumph and manufacturing success: |
| | A) | the railroad. |
| | B) | the Crystal Palace. |
| | C) | the steamboat. |
| | D) | the flying shuttle. |
|
|
11 | |
Some of the continental European governments tried to catch up to British industrialization by all of the following means except... |
| | A) | enacting protective tariffs. |
| | B) | subsidizing new industries. |
| | C) | buying out entire British industries. |
| | D) | eliminating internal tariffs, as the German states did in the Zollverein. |
|
|
12 | |
Between 1780 and 1850, the European population... |
| | A) | ballooned from 175 million to 266 million. |
| | B) | declined from 266 million to 175 million. |
| | C) | experienced rising mortality rates. |
| | D) | became more homogenized in terms of economic class. |
|
|
13 | |
The British economist who said that population growth would surpass the food supply was... |
| | A) | David Ricardo. |
| | B) | Eli Whitney. |
| | C) | Thomas Malthus. |
| | D) | Thomas Newcomen. |
|
|
14 | |
The major type of workers' organization that helped factory laborers to develop a sense of class consciousness during the industrial revolution was... |
| | A) | the mutual aid society. |
| | B) | the fraternal society. |
| | C) | the guild. |
| | D) | the union. |
|
|
15 | |
The way in which workers protested against the industrial machinery which threatened their jobs--a form of industrial sabotage according to British parliament--was known as... |
| | A) | Luddism. |
| | B) | Unionism. |
| | C) | Communism. |
| | D) | striking. |
|
|
16 | |
One example of the tremendous urban growth experienced in parts of Europe from 1780 to 1850 was... |
| | A) | Moscow, Russia. |
| | B) | Manchester, England. |
| | C) | Zagreb, Croatia. |
| | D) | Helsinki, Finland. |
|
|
17 | |
In the novel Hard Times, which of the following authors described the way industrialization was affecting the fictional settlement Coketown? |
| | A) | Frederich Engels |
| | B) | Emily Bronte |
| | C) | Charles Dickens |
| | D) | Mark Twain |
|
|
18 | |
The "Bobbies," established by a law passed in 1828 by Parliament, hit the streets of London as its first modern... |
| | A) | social workers. |
| | B) | police force. |
| | C) | private investigators. |
| | D) | sanitation crew. |
|
|
19 | |
In 1796 in England, Edward Jenner developed a safe form of the vaccine that would eventually protect millions of people from... |
| | A) | chicken pox. |
| | B) | cholera. |
| | C) | tuberculosis. |
| | D) | smallpox. |
|
|
20 | |
Jane Austin was among those novelists who reflected the middle class belief in... |
| | A) | the importance of the home as the setting for a rewarding family life. |
| | B) | entrepreneurship. |
| | C) | the problem of bureaucracy within the established church. |
| | D) | a women's obligation to work outside the home. |
|
|
21 | |
Visiting a doctor in the 1850's was a risky affair; often, their remedies for diseases caused more harm than help to the patients. Out of all of the following commonly-prescribed early 19th century treatments, which is the only one that was not generally harmful to the patient? |
| | A) | Taking the waters |
| | B) | The drug Laudanum |
| | C) | Bloodletting |
| | D) | Laxative purges |
|
|
22 | |
During the Industrial Revolution, a new type of family arose among the middle class in Europe. Which of the following is a characteristic of the new middle-class family? |
| | A) | A great number of children |
| | B) | A stress on social status rather than love in marriage |
| | C) | A belief that the home should be a haven |
| | D) | A distaste for material possessions |
|