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1 | |
In thinking about the distinction between personal and social problems, we find that the rate of child abuse has soared, affecting as many as 20 percent of children in our society. We may well ask what has occurred to alter the _____________ of the family. |
| | A) | nature |
| | B) | institution |
| | C) | importance |
| | D) | significance |
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2 | |
A _____ problem is one whose causes and solutions lie outside the individual and the immediate environment. |
| | A) | personal |
| | B) | primary |
| | C) | social |
| | D) | secondary |
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3 | |
In structural-functionalism a problem involves a system of inter-dependent parts, including each of the following EXCEPT: |
| | A) | attitudes |
| | B) | norms |
| | C) | institutions |
| | D) | roles |
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4 | |
Which of the following involves the process of carefully attending to spoken or written information in order to evaluate its validity? |
| | A) | norms |
| | B) | personality |
| | C) | critical thinking |
| | D) | roles |
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5 | |
Which of the major theoretical perspectives in sociology stresses the importance of knowing individuals' perspectives to understand their behavior? |
| | A) | structural-functionalism |
| | B) | conflict theory |
| | C) | critical theory |
| | D) | symbolic interactionism |
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6 | |
_____ are the behaviors associated with particular positions in the social structure. |
| | A) | Roles |
| | B) | Norms |
| | C) | Values |
| | D) | Institutions |
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7 | |
In surveys, the people from whom the information is gathered are normally a _____ of the ______. |
| | A) | conflict; sample |
| | B) | population; survey |
| | C) | sample; population |
| | D) | population; sample |
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8 | |
What is the mean of this series of numbers - 1, 3, 4, 5, 7? |
| | A) | 1 |
| | B) | 3 |
| | C) | 4 |
| | D) | 5 |
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9 | |
A test of _____ helps determine the probability that your findings occurred by chance. |
| | A) | values |
| | B) | norms |
| | C) | attitudes |
| | D) | significance |
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10 | |
According to the contradiction approach, social problems are said to arise when opposing values, or other factors, are in conflict with: |
| | A) | ideologies |
| | B) | quality of life |
| | C) | expectations |
| | D) | institutions |
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11 | |
To counter the problem posed by the fallacy of dramatic instance, we need to determine if a very few cases based on ______________ represent the norm rather than the exception. |
| | A) | research |
| | B) | observation |
| | C) | theory |
| | D) | experience |
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12 | |
The unfortunate and counterproductive effect of the fallacy of retrospective determinism is that it sees social problems as: |
| | A) | inevitable |
| | B) | determined by social conditions |
| | C) | redundant |
| | D) | determined by one's perspective |
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13 | |
To identify ____________ as a cause of poverty is an example of reification. |
| | A) | unemployment |
| | B) | racial discrimination |
| | C) | society |
| | D) | being handicapped |
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14 | |
According to the text, the fallacy of an illegitimate appeal to authority may inaccurately portray conditions or facts related to poverty in all of the following ways EXCEPT: |
| | A) | being illegitimate |
| | B) | being ambiguous |
| | C) | being irrelevant |
| | D) | being irrational |
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15 | |
To assume that since Geno overcame the influence of being raised in a rough neighborhood in the Bronx, his brothers Vito and Stephen should also have achieved a middle-class place in life is to employ the fallacy of: |
| | A) | circular reasoning |
| | B) | composition |
| | C) | an appeal to traditional values |
| | D) | misplaced concreteness |
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16 | |
Two aspects of social reality can be studied through survey research. One of these is the distribution of people across some dimension - e.g., political preference - and the other allows us to discover: |
| | A) | the validity of variables |
| | B) | the validity of relationships |
| | C) | the relationships among variables |
| | D) | the reliability of variables |
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17 | |
The legal tradition that a husband could not rape his wife was justified by the assumption that: |
| | A) | rape is not a legal term |
| | B) | few women actually like sex |
| | C) | women should be required to have children |
| | D) | women are property |
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18 | |
You take a sample of primary school children and use a survey to establish their reading level. Your score for each child is expressed in terms of an equivalent grade level, from 1 through 9. To establish the percentages of children ranking low, medium and high on your sample, you will need to establish: |
| | A) | the population score for the group |
| | B) | the frequency distribution for the group |
| | C) | the median score for the children in the sample |
| | D) | a test of significance among reading-level scores |
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19 | |
You set up an experiment to evaluate the effectiveness of two different methods of educating high school students about the negative effects of racial stereotypes. Dividing your subjects into two matched groups, you measure the effects of the two teaching methods by administering a racial sensitivity test to all of the students after their course has been completed. In this experiment, the independent variable is: |
| | A) | not specified |
| | B) | the two teaching methods |
| | C) | the scores on the racial sensitivity test |
| | D) | the racial stereotypes |
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20 | |
An experiment conducted by Johnson, Jackson and Gatto regarding the effects of antisocial rap music supported the hypothesis that, among young African Americans, rap lyrics with violent content: |
| | A) | actually decrease the acceptance of violence |
| | B) | increase the acceptance of violence and devalue education |
| | C) | have no effect on the valuation of education, but increase the acceptance of violence |
| | D) | have no substantial effect on either the acceptance of violence or the valuation of education |
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